70 1608-9359 Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 5366 Program Evaluation Assessing the Quality of Academic Life of Medical and Dental Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in the Corona Epidemic Shakiba Elham b Abolhadi Farzane c Sadeghi Mostafa d b Phd Student in Higher Education, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran c BSC Librarian & information Sciences Dental School, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. d DDS, MS, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences,Rafsanjan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 548 556 17 10 2021 29 12 2021 Introduction: Students are beneficiaries in higher education and low quality of their academic life disrupts their learning. This study endeavored to assess the quality of academic life of medical and dental students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in the Corona's epidemic. Methods: This descriptive study is analytical cross-sectional. The population including193 clinical medical (N= 80) and dental students (N= 73) of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences were selected by cluster and random sampling. Students with a mean age of 23.67±1.65 years (20-25) participated. Maarefvand's et al. questionnaire was employed to collect data. Questionnaire information was collected and coded. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and ANOVA as well as t-test analytical statistics were employed to analyze and compare fields of study, year of university entry, age, gender, residence status, employment, marriage and grade point average (α=0.05). Results: The mean and standard deviation of quality of life score of dental students was 2.73±0.48 and medical students were 2.47±0.51. In both groups, the highest mean belonged to education and educational services and the lowest to welfare services. Only in the field of research, the average quality of life score of dental students was significantly higher than that of medicine (p<0.001, t=5.51). Conclusion: The quality of academic life of dental and medical students was moderate. It is suggested that university officials provide more services to students regarding the conditions.
5406 Community Based Medicine Thesis Yaghmaei Minoo e Monajemi Alireza f e Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran f Institute for Humanities and cultural studies Tehran,Tehran,Iran 1 4 2021 21 546 547 20 01 2022 04 04 2021 Letter To Edieor 5401 other Coronavirus Pandemic as an Opportunity to Increase Responsibility, Sacrifice, Altruism: An Experience of a Medical Intern Tajari Vahid g Sanagoo Akram h Jouybari Leila i g Golestan University of Medical Sciences,Gorgan,Iran h Golestan University of Medical Sciences,Gorgan,Iran i Golestan University of Medical Sciences,Gorgan,Iran 1 4 2021 21 544 545 08 01 2022 04 04 2021 letter To Editor 5405 Community Based Medicine Metaphor Yaghmaei Minoo j j Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran 1 4 2021 21 542 543 20 01 2022 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5395 E-learning True Attendance in the online classes: A concern for the faculty members Royani Zahra k Jouybari Leila l goleij javad m k Golestan University of Medical Sciences,Golestan,Iran l Golestan University of Medical Sciences,Gorgan,Iran m Gorgan, Iran 1 4 2021 21 540 541 01 01 2022 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5378 other explaining the concept of competency –journal club in medical education – a necessity Zarei Farzaneh n Shafiiyan Madjid o Moayeri Hassan p Abdi Nasrin Rahmani Khled Amjadiyan Mohiyedin n Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran o Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran p Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran Kurdistan University Of Medical Sciences,Sanandaj,Iran 1 4 2021 21 537 539 24 11 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5354 Program Evaluation Applying Blended Education Methods in Nursing Process Learning: An educational evaluation study Karimi Hengameh Kalati Hossein Amini Sahba Jamalzadeh Navid Babol University of Medical Sciences,Babol,Iran University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry-Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 1 4 2021 21 533 536 28 09 2021 13 12 2021 Short Communication 5346 Community Based Medicine Exploring the Possible Effect of Training on Babol University of Medical Sciences Students’ Psychological Capital Asghari Soleimani Masoumeh Khanmohammadi Arsalan Abbasi asafjir Ali asghar Sadeghi Jamal PhD Student of Educational Psychology, Department of Human Science, Islamic Azad University Babol Branch, Babol, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of Human Science, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 523 532 12 09 2021 08 11 2021   Introduction: Flourishing of individuals is one of the students’ important characteristics that can lead to social health and well-being, which, in turn, highlights the flourishing of individuals and related factors. In so doing, this study endeavored to study the effectiveness of flourishing education on psychological capital (hope, resiliency, self-efficacy and optimism) of students of Babol University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This applied and experimental study was conducted with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The population consisted of all students of Babol University of Medical Sciences. From this population, 40 individuals who obtained a standard deviation score lower than the average in the flourishing questionnaire were selected by random cluster sampling. Initially, the participants completed the Psychological Capital Questionnaire. The experimental group was then trained to flourish. Finally, both groups received post-test. After data collection, the data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference in the variables of self-efficacy and hope between the two groups at the level of p <0.01, while in the variable of optimism this difference was significant at the level of p<0.05. There was no significant difference in resiliency between the two groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of flourishing education elevate psychological capital in students and therefore this education can be used to promote self-efficacy, optimism, as well as hope and other health-related variables. 5304 Curriculum Development Assessing the Conformity of Radiology BSc Curriculum and Job Requirements from the Viewpoint of Radiology Graduates Employed at Medical Imaging Centers Razavi Elham Dalvand Saman Zamani Hamed Goodarzi Razieh Master of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Master of Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Master of Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Master of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 512 522 24 07 2021 28 11 2021 Introduction: Assessing the educational program relevance to job requirements can help identify its weaknesses and foster an opportunity for its improvement. Radiology experts play a vital role in disease diagnosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the viewpoint of radiology graduates about the coordination of the curriculum of Radiology BSc with their professional needs. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 134 graduates of radiology BSc Working in Medical Imaging centers of Hamedan, Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Ilam, and Lorestan in the academic year 2018. In each province, 20% of the population of radiology technologists was selected via simple random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire that included demographic information and survey questions about the application of the main courses in this field in job responsibilities. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage). Results: Based on the job needs, the current curriculum had varying levels of application. The highest application rate was in specialty courses (4.04±0.7), and the lowest rate was in basic courses (3.08±0.9). The results revealed that the appropriate courses are Anatomy 1-3 (4. 6±0.7), and Radiographic positioning and procedures 1-3 (4.6±0.8) in specialty courses, and radiographic positioning and procedure in training units (4.2±0.6). Ultrasound physics and Seminar in specialty courses, and Statics and general mathematics in basic courses had the least conformity with professional needs with 3.15±1.5, 2.7±1.3, 1.8±0.7, and 2. 1±0.9, respectively. According to the results of this study, the graduates of this discipline had an average satisfaction level (3.26) with the contents of their academic program. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the didactic content of radiology BS is somewhat coordinated with the job requirements of this field. However, the curriculum should be revised to improve its applicability for future employees. 5343 other Relationship between teacher feedback and academic boredom and well-being: An analysis of the possible mediating role of task value Yousefi Afrashteh Majid Dehghani Zohreh Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. M.A. student of educational psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 502 511 09 09 2021 16 11 2021 Introduction: Academic boredom is a common problem and major concern of educational systems. This study endeavored to investigate the possible mediating role of homework value in relationship between teacher feedback and academic boredom and well-being. Methods: In this study population included students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in the academic years 2020-2021. In this descriptive correlation study, 365 students were randomly selected from the population using the Cochran's formula. The instruments used in this study are as follows: Pietarinen et al.'s Academic Well-Being Scale, Pekrun et al.'s Progress Emotions Questionnaire, Yousefi Afrashteh et al.'s Iranian Developmental Feedback Scale, and Pintrich et al.'s Self-Regulatory Questionnaire. The gathered data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient method. Results: The results showed that the correlation coefficient of teacher feedback with task value was 0.54, with academic boredom -0.38 and with academic well-being 0.26 as well as task value-correlation coefficient with academic boredom -0.44 and with academic well-being 0.33. The correlation coefficient of academic boredom with academic well-being is -0.49.The results of path analysis indicated that formative feedback through task value has a significant indirect effect on both academic boredom and academic well-being. Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that policy makers provide appropriate training programs for teachers and foster rich opportunity for them to learn how to provide feedback to learners which in turn usher in the progress and success of more students. 5277 other Explain Lived Educational Experiences as A Doctoral Student In Nursing Ebrahimpour Zeinab Sanagoo Akram Jouybari Leila PhD candidate in Nursing, Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Assistant Professor, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Professor, Education Development Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 491 501 29 05 2021 03 11 2021 Introduction: The experience of studying in a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) is often considered as the transition from studenthood to becoming a faculty member, which requires considerable personal learning and development. The purpose of this study was to explain the lived educational experiences of doctoral students in nursing. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2019 with the participation of nine Ph.D. nursing students. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to gather information. Data were analyzed using Van Manen's phenomenological approach. Results: From the data analysis, three main themes "passing through the rocky path of education, gaining insight, gaining power and professional dignity" and six sub-themes (tortuous path of education, leverage of suffering and pleasure, change of perspective, personal growth, and development, professional responsibility and accountability, positive image of the profession in society) were extracted. Conclusion: Nursing Ph.D. students experience a tortuous path and, in the process, believe that they have gained a greater understanding of the nursing profession and their perspective on the real-life and nature of nursing is changing. 5330 Clinical Teaching Factors affecting on quality of pharmacology and pharmacotherapy learning in medical clinical education Haji Ahmadiyan Ali Ghamari Zare Zohreh Qom brunch, azad university, Qom,Iran Qom brunch, azad university, Qom,Iran 1 4 2021 21 487 490 31 08 2021 22 11 2021 Short communication 5337 Teaching Methods Conceptual Framework of professionalism in Medicals Education based on the Discourse of Interns, Nurses, and Patients Vasili Arezoo Keshtiaray Narges Yousefy Alireza PhD Student, Department of Educational Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Associate professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Professor, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 1 4 2021 21 473 486 04 09 2021 07 11 2021 Introduction: A critical examination of medical professionalism paves the way for discourse. This study endeavored to design and validate a conceptual model of professionalism in training physicians based on the discourse of interns, nurses, and patients. Methods: This qualitative study was done through discourse analysis. Participants included medical interns, nurses, and patients in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan and Najafabad Azad Universities of Medical Sciences. Interviews were unstructured and sampling was purposeful. The data collection instruments were conversations, non-structural interviews and related sources as well as articles in the synthesis research section. The conceptual framework was extracted by merging three sub-models related to discourses and the model obtained from research synthesis. Results: Using the interns' discourse model, seven concepts were obtained like this: Management of Occupational Stress, Professional Competence, Ethical Competence, Human Nature of Profession, Personal Development, Proper Care and Personal Personality and Character. Using the patients' discourse model, six concepts were obtained like this: Parental care, Information exchange, Effective management, responding to human dignity, Human values of profession, and Confidence building in profession. Using the model of nurses' discourse model seven concepts were obtained like this: Clinical effectiveness, self-awareness, communication skills, social responsiveness, adaptability, professional commitment and social education strategies. The concepts in the synthesis research model were like this: Physician-oriented and law-oriented ethics, virtue-based professional commitment, behavior-oriented professional commitment, lifelong learner, professional character, and the role of curriculum in professionalism. Conclusion: Regarding the role of the hidden curriculum, the role of formal professionalism education seems to be important. 5301 Teaching Methods The role of coping strategies in the academic engagement of students in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Dehghan Abnavi Samaneh Aliakbari Fatemeh Jokar Zeinab Najafi Farideh Mahmoodi Marziyeh Instructor, Department of Operating Room, Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Nursing and Midwifery School, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Assistant Professor, Community Oriented Nursing and Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Instructor, Department of Operating Room, School of paramedical sciences, bushehr university of medical sciences, bushehr, Iran. Student of Operating Room, School of Paramedical Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 464 472 10 07 2021 14 09 2021 Introduction: Coping strategies are a set of cognitive and behavioral efforts that are employed to interpret and modify a stressful situation. For students, it seems appropriate to employ coping strategies, which seems to be an important factor for academic achievement. Therefore, this study endeavored to examine the relationship between coping strategies and academic engagement in students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Methods: This correlational study was performed with 232 undergraduate students of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences through relative stratified random sampling. The instruments were three questionnaires of demographic information and academic achievement of Frederick Bloomfield, as well as a short scale of coping with Andrew Parker's stress conditions. Data analysis was done through independent t-test and Pearson test within the significance level of 0.05. Results: The average age of students was 21.75± 2.72 and most of them were single (86%). The mean score of students' academic motivation was 51/0 2/79 0/51 and the mean score of coping strategies was 2.99 0.43. It was found that there is a direct and significant relationship between the score of coping strategy and the score of academic motivation (p=0. 001). Conclusion: The results reveled that the variable of academic engagement is of special importance in predicting coping strategies in students. As a result, guiding students in the right direction could have positive educational consequences. 5310 Clinical Teaching The Perspective of Nursing Students and Clinical Instructors from Logbook-based Evaluation Nakhaeizadeh Amirmalek Karimi Hengameh Fotokian Zahra Hasansoroori Mahshad Babayani Mikaeil Nursing student, Student Research Committee, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Instructor, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Associate professor, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Nursing student, Student Research Committee, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Nursing student, Student Research Committee, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 455 463 06 08 2021 25 10 2021 Introduction: Instructors and students have many challenges in completing and presenting logbooks. This study endeavored to investigate the views of nursing students and instructors of Ramsar School of Nursing on logbook-based evaluation. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in the second semester of the academic year 2020-2021. The study population was all nursing students studying and clinical instructors working in Ramsar School of Nursing. Seventy-five individuals (65 nursing students and 10 nursing instructors of the internal medicine-surgery internship unit) were included in the study by census method. The researcher-made questionnaire on the perspective of nursing students of logbook-based and traditional method evaluation were used for data gathering. Data analysis was performed using paired and independent t-test and Chi-square. Results: The perspective of nursing students and clinical instructors about the use of logbooks showed a significant difference concerning order, evaluation, satisfaction, and clinical skills. The mean scores of the perspective of instructors in the dimensions of order and evaluation were higher than students (t=-4/38, p=0.001; t=-5/36, p=0/001). The instructors’ mean score of satisfaction and clinical performance with logbook evaluation was more than students (t=-4/06, P=0.001 vs. t=-3/27, P=0.002). Students believed that the use of logbooks led to more supervision of instructors over their work (t=4/17, P =0.001), but it did not affect their clinical performance (t=-1/8, P= 0.077). Conclusion: The clinical Instructors evaluated the priority of the logbook over the traditional method to achieve the expected outcomes more positively towards the students. Because the logbook should meet the learning needs of students, using students' opinions in compiling the logbook can be effective in improving student satisfaction and performance. 5379 Clinical Teaching The place of clinical reasoning in e-learning: what the Corona pandemic reminded us Monajemi Alireza Associate professor Institute for Humanities and cultural studies - Philosophy of science and technology department - monajemi.alireza@gmail.com 1 4 2021 21 452 454 26 11 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5286 Teaching Methods An Investigation into Motivational Interview Training on Cognitive Regulation and Students’ Academic Engagement Panahi Far Sajjad Maheri Zhila PhD student in psychology, lecturer at Imam Ali University, Tehran, Iran. PhD student in Family Counseling, Sanandaj Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 443 451 13 06 2021 26 09 2021 Introduction: Motivational interview is a referential approach and guidance to enhance the internal motivation for change through discovery, identification, solving doubts, and bias. Cognitive regulation of academic excitement and conflict is related to motivation and is one of the problems of students with academic failure that can have negative and irreparable consequences for these students. This study endeavored to investigate the effectiveness of training of motivational interviewing training on cognitive-emotional ordering and academic engagement of students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test and control group. The population was all students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2019. Using randomized sampling method, 30 students were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (15 subjects) and control (15 persons) groups. Then, cognitive-emotional ordering questionnaires and educational conflict were used as a pre-test for both groups. Motivational interview training was applied to the experimental group in 6 sessions. At the end of the course, both groups completed the above questionnaires as a post-test. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The descriptive findings of the mean (standard deviation) for the cognitive regulation variable in the pre-test stage of the experimental group were 51.23±5.72, in the post-test was 75.12±5.59 and for the academic engagement in the pretest stage of the experimental group was 75.33±5.89, and the posttest of the experimental group was 96. 46±5. 68 (P =0.002). Conclusion: Regarding the effectiveness of motivational interview training, it is recommended to use the cognitive emotional order of students to improve their academic status. 5350 Comperative Studies The relationship between the average score of first two years and comprehensive basic science examination score of dentistry students of Tabriz University of medical sciences Bahramian Ayla Negahdari Ramin Abed Kahnamouei Mahdi Ebrahimi Mohammad Esmaeil Katebi Katayoun Golmohammadi Kimia Dabaghi Tabriz Fatemeh Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz,Iran 1 4 2021 21 439 442 25 09 2021 09 11 2021 Short communication 5296 Teacher Evaluation Revising the theoretical, practical, and workshop evaluation checklists of the dental school at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Tahani Bahareh Omid Athar Malek Ahmadi Parisa Movahedian Bita Associate Professor, Oral Public health Department, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Sciences Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Dentists, Dental Students Research Center, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 426 438 28 06 2021 09 10 2021   Introduction: Given the importance of evaluation and the need to use the appropriate instrumentation to evaluate the educational courses, the aim of this study was to revises the course evaluation forms of dental school regarding the nature of this field. Methods: This quantitative-qualitative study was conducted in the academic years 2019-2020 in the school of dentistry of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Four evaluation forms of theoretical, practical, clinical, and workshop courses were distributed among the faculty members of the school. After completing by 48 members of the panel, the collected data were analyzed using mean, mode, and CVI (Content Validity Index) calculation. In the second round of Delphi, with the formation of a virtual group and the invitation of the faculty members of the panel, the items with lower median and CVI scores were discussed and the proposed revisions were undertaken. Results: Most changes were made to the practical training forms. The forms of theoretical courses were classified in four areas including planning, content and resources, course presentation as well as evaluation with 18 items. Clinical and practical forms were categorized into four areas of planning, learning methods, facilities and space, evaluation and outcomes. For clinical and practical forms, 16 and 12 questions were finally developed. Evaluation forms of workshop courses were developed and approved by panel members based on the available workshop forms in the Educational Development Center without any additional revision. Conclusion: The evaluation forms previously used in the dental school had content and writing problems which were revised based on the consensus opinion of faculty members. 5014 E-learning E-learning in Medical Sciences: A survey of Students' Views on e-learning Jahanbakhsh Maryam Ahmadi Sahar Saghaeiannejad-Isfahani Sakineh Najimi Arash Assistant Professor, Department of Health Information Management, Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Msc in Health Information Technology, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Faculty of Medical Information Management, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Health Information Management, Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Medical Education Development center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 418 425 29 12 2019 11 09 2021 Introduction: Parallel with the development of information and communication technology, a new approach to learning has emerged, namely. Administering e-learning at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences as one of the objectives of the strategic plan of the educational assistantship requires extensive study for the presence of students in the e-learning contexts. This study endeavored to examine the readiness of students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in relation to e-learning. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the academic year 2018; 412 students were selected from the 6079 students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences using Cochran formula. Data was gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire as available sampling. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the professors of the Department of Health Information Management and Technology. The reliability of the questionnaire was computed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient r= 0.93. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation) were used. Results: Results revealed that most of the e-learning factors had significant differences among the different levels (P≤0.05). Students' experiences of participation in e-learning were important factor; however, time management was the least important factor. Information and communication technology skills factors had the highest positive correlation with learning ability (r=0.623), learning habits with learning ability (r=0.654), and motivation with e-learning usefulness (r=0.660). Conclusion: This study can be used as a guideline for Isfahan University of Medical Sciences to invest in time management and incentives for low-level e-learning before implementing the courses electronically and to address the barriers and administer e-learning. 5209 Community Based Medicine The Impact of Land Use Planning with Higher Health Education Approach on Sustainable Development and Educational Justice in Macro Medical Universities of Region One Arab Fatemeh Zameni Farshideh Enayati Taraneh PhD Student of Higher Education Management, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Humanities, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran, Associate professor, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Humanities, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran 1 4 2021 21 407 417 02 01 2021 14 09 2021 Introduction: The superiority of a country depends more on science and technology application and on the dynamism of the higher education rather than relying on natural resources or current industrial capacities. This way, this study endeavored to investigate the impact of land use planning with higher health education approach on sustainable development and educational justice in macro medical universities of region one in Iran. Methods: The applied study was conducted in the year 2020 with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The population in the qualitative section were 16 individuals who were selected through purposive sampling method, and in the quantitative section, 320 individuals were selected as a sample out of 1851 individuals based on Cochran's formula at 95% and α =5% through stratified random sampling. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire on land use, sustainable development and Golparvar's Educational Justice Questionnaire were employed. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Considering the values of R2 and path coefficients, it can be concluded that the relationship between land use and sustainable development (with path coefficient 0.790 and R2 value equal to 0.624) compared to the relationship between land management with educational justice (with path coefficient 0.620 and R2 value 0.384) was stronger. Conclusion: Regarding the superior relationship between land management and sustainable development compared to educational justice, it can be said that the scientific nature and fruitfulness of scientific activities and their continuous development was one of the ultimate goals of land management. 5321 Educational Management Comparison of willingness to mobile learning in medical sciences students in before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak Baghcheghi Nayereh Koohestani Hamid reza Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of medical education, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 398 406 14 08 2021 03 10 2021 Introduction: Mobile learning as a paradigm shift in the context of e-learning has become particularly important after the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak and shift from the conventional methods to digital learning in universities. This study endeavored to study the willingness to mobile learning in medical sciences students in before and after the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the academic years 2020-2021 with the participation of 358 students. Data were collected through a standard questionnaire of willingness to mobile learning two times in the study before the outbreak of COVID-19 outbreak in Iran on February 2020 (T1) and again in May 2021 (T2). Results: The mean scores of willingness to mobile learning at two rounds were 162.58±30.29 and 176.55±28.56, respectively, which was significant (t=14.36, P=0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference between the mean of self-management (before 33.41, after 36.8) (t=15.51, P=0.001), attitude (before 19.46, after 21.63) (t=15.99, P=0.001), pedagogical use (before 33.66, after 36.65) (t=8.71, P=0.001), efficacy of mobile learning (before 6.81, after 7.89) (t=15.19, P=0.001) and behavioral intention (before 7.81, after 10.18) (t=22.93, P=0.001) in both rounds. However, there was no significant difference between the mean of the dimensions technophilia, perceive attraction, and perceived ease in the two measurement steps (P= 0.001). Conclusion: The willingness to mobile learning has increased after about 1.5 years of the beginning of the COVID-19 disease outbreak in medical students, which indicates the high acceptance and desire of students to mobile learning. Therefore, the use of mobile technologies for learning purposes during the COVID-19 to fill the study gap and its continuation in the post corona is recommended as a complementary method in education. 5089 Program Evaluation Validity and Reliability of the Brief Regulation of Motivation Scale (BRoMS) in students of Isfahan Medical University khazaeli Zahra Soltanizadeh Mohammad khazaeli Khadijeh Payame Noor University Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Iran. Instructor, Department of occupational therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 387 397 21 06 2020 28 11 2020 Introduction: The growing recognition of regulation of motivation as an important part of the self-regulation with a direct impact on learning requires more careful assessment to aid the learning process and therefore, valid tools are needed. This study endeavored to explore Psychometric properties of Brief Regulation of Motivation Scale (BRoMS). Methods: The population of this cross sectional study was the students of Isfahan Medical University in the second semester of the academic years of 2019-2020, of which 400 student (155 boys and 245 girls) were selected by cluster sampling method and they responded to Brief regulation of motivation scale (BRoMS), Harter Educational Motivation Questionnaire (HEMQ) and Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient of BRoMS was obtained through internal consistency method (.92) and by split-half method (.88) which shows appropriate reliability of test scores. Significant positive correlation was found at p<0.01 between BRoMS and the other two scales indicating concurrent validity. Using exploratory factor analysis, two factors were confirmed: regulation of motivation and willpower. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the consistency of the questions with the scales of this questionnaire. Conclusion: It can be confirmed that BRoMS has good psychometric properties and can be employed as a diagnostic and instrument for measuring regulation of motivation. 5345 Community Based Medicine Identifying Effective Components on Futures Studies of Medical Sciences Education Based on Competitive Dynamics Approach Hasanpor Fatemeh Taheri Fatemeh Fallah Vahid Ph.D Student of Educational Management, Islamic Azad University of Babol, Iran. Assistant Professor of Educational Management, Islamic Azad University of Babol, Babol, Iran. Assistant Professor of Educational Management, Islamic Azad University of Sari, Sari, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 376 386 10 09 2021 25 10 2021 Introduction: Futures studies as an interdisciplinary concept provides a vivid image of the future in the field of medical education in universities. This study endeavored to identify effective components on futures studies of medical sciences education based on competitive dynamics approach in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This qualitative study was performed through semi-structured interviews and qualitative content analysis. The population included experts in the field of medical education, a total of 13 of whom were selected by snowball sampling, and their votes and opinions were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Results: Qualitative analysis of the results of interviews with experts in the field of medical education showed that the futures studies of research in this field requires attention to 6 major categories and 21 subcategories. Causal conditions (experienced academic staff, diversity of educational and research programs, expansion of applied research, university interaction with knowledge-based companies and institutions, flexible and applied curriculum), contextual factors (necessity of thinking about the future as an educational practice, multiple educational facilities, and appropriate social communication), interfering conditions (having critical and interpretive skills of the future, existence of empowerment policy and familiarization of professors and students with futuristic indicators), strategies (empowerment human resources, development of educational and research valences and use of various teaching methods) and consequences (providing active performance vs. educational events, promoting lifelong learning, considering students as social capital, regular evaluation, & review) was extracted from the analysis. Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study revealed that futures studies in the field of medical education based on competitive dynamics is important and therefore researchers and specialists in the field of medical education and futures studies can use these components for the futures studies of medical education. 5320 other COVID-19 and its effect on anatomical sciences education: viewpoint of anatomical sciences professors of Iran university of medical sciences Ghorbanlou Mehrdad Moradi Fatemeh Shabani Ronak Mehdizadeh Mehdi Iran University of medical sciences,Tehran,Iran Zanjan University of medical sciences,Tehran,Iran Iran University of medical sciences,Tehran,Iran Iran University of medical sciences,Tehran,Iran 1 4 2021 21 373 375 12 08 2021 28 09 2021 Letter To Editor 5358 Teaching Methods Virtual education and class silence; COVID is an opportunity to look at reality Behnamfar Reza Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran 1 4 2021 21 370 372 03 10 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5295 Teacher Evaluation Exploring the Important elements in the evaluation of the thesis supervisor of medical students: A qualitative research Fouladi Dehaghi Behzad Jahanifard Elham Farshadzadeh Zahra Abbasi Montazeri Effat Maraghi Elham Babaei Heydarabadi Akbar Associate professor, Department of occupational health engineering, school of public health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Associate professor, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of microbiology, School of medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of microbiology, School of medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, school of public health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 359 369 27 06 2021 25 08 2021 Introduction: Introduction: The evaluation of the student dissertation supervisor is one of the important issues in improving the scientific and research level of students that has received less attention. Therefore, this study endeavored to identify the components of evaluation instruments of medical students' dissertation supervisors. Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and conventional content analysis method in the academic year 2021 in Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. After reviewing the available articles and texts, the interview guide questions in a group discussion session with the participation of the research team; designed. Data were collected through structured interviews (electronically) and group discussion, and by purposeful sampling of stakeholders. The proposed Lundman and Graneheim steps were employed to analyze the data. Results: In this study, 22 faculty members and 10 students participated, which was collected from data analysis; 260 initial codes were obtained and after the final analysis in group discussion sessions, 50 codes were classified into three categories. Nine codes were obtained in the category of Supervisor Capacity, 15 codes in the category of General Ethics, and 26 codes in the category of Professional Ethics. Conclusion: In this study, 50 major factors were identified as elements and components of the evaluation instruments of the student's dissertation supervisor that can be used in the evaluation process of professors. 5293 Clinical Teaching Challenges of Implementing the Preceptorship Model in Clinical Nursing Education from the perspective of Faculty Members, Instructors, and Nursing Students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Ahmady Soleiman Shahbazi Sara Eghbal Setareh Associate Professor, Virtual school of medical education and management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Instructor Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Masters Student of Medical Education Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 345 358 26 06 2021 12 09 2021 Introduction: The preceptorship model is one of the well-known clinical nursing education strategies that transfer experiences from experienced nurses to nursing students and novice nurses. This study endeavored to identify the challenges of implementing this model in clinical nursing education from the perspective of faculty members, instructors, and nursing students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The study was conducted with a qualitative approach by the content analysis method. Semi-structured interviews were employed to collect data. Interviewees were selected through purposive sampling from faculty members, instructors, and nursing students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Parallel with the interviews, content analysis was performed according to Landman and Grenham's methods. Results: A total of 15 interviews were conducted and analyzed. According to the findings, possible barriers during the effective implementation of this model were: lack of nursing staff, lack of skilled nurses as preceptors, lack of sufficient interaction between educational and clinical system, lack of necessary support from hospital executives, and poor relationship between physicians and nurses. In this study, 18 major strategies for the successful implementation of the preceptorship model were presented. The importance of them were allocating material and spiritual incentives to motivate the preceptors; interaction between the nursing school and hospitals in training nursing students, involving hospital managers and officials in implementing the model; the collaboration of nursing instructors and faculty members with preceptors in the process of education and clinical evaluation of students; participatory selection of preceptors and their continuous training during the process. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the preceptorship model could be an interactive process between the nursing schools and hospitals. The nursing students, preceptors, nursing instructors, clinical faculty members, hospital managers, and other health workers took part in this process. 5112 Educational Technology Comparing the effectiveness of case-based technology-enhanced learning with face-to-face method Khalili Hosseinali Zarifsanaiey Nahid Mehrabi Manoosh Shayan Zahra Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma Research Center, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of E-learning, Virtual School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, and Shiraz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of e-Learning in Medical Sciences, Virtual School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Trauma research center, department of biostatistic, school of medicine, Shiraz, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 335 344 29 07 2020 26 05 2021 Introduction: Technical advances highlight the need for dynamic strategies in medical training. Active medical education helps students sufficiently understand the real clinical situation. This study endeavored to compare the effectiveness of technology-enhanced Case-based Educational Intervention with In-person training on Knowledge and Satisfaction of Medical Students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was an educational intervention with a post-test design on 584 medical students of clinical surgery departments (neurology and orthopedics) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2017-2019. The research samples were selected by convenience sampling and divided into intervention (case-based technology-based education) and control (scores of students participating in the previous in-person course) based on the non-random Consecutive sampling method. Data collection tools included a final exam in the surgical ward and a researcher-made questionnaire to assess the satisfaction of multimedia content. An independent t-test was used to compare the mean post-test knowledge score of the research samples. Results: The mean and standard deviation of knowledge score after the intervention in the intervention group (13.7±33.1 and 12.9±72.7) were not significantly different from the control group (13.62±2.7 and 13.27±2.7). Besides, 51% of students rated the quality of multimedia content as appropriate. Conclusion: The results revealed that case-based technology-based educational intervention leads to improved learning of medical students similar to face-to-face training. Due to the effectiveness, convenience, and low cost of this method, the use of this method is recommended for medical education in the clinical level. 5267 other Exploring the Experiences of Medical Residents from Clinical Decision- Making: A Qualitative Study Hashemiparast Mina Negarandeh Reza Ghafari Reza Assistant Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Professor of Nursing Education, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assosiate Professor of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 321 334 05 05 2021 20 07 2021 Introduction: Clinical decision-making is a key component of clinical practice that affects the quality of providing patient services. The explosion of medical knowledge and the need for autonomy of residents' performance has made clinical decision making more difficult for residents. This study explores the experiences of medical residents from clinical decision making. Methods: A qualitative content analysis approach was adopted. Individual semi-structured interviews with medical residents were done. The participants were the medical residents from the hospitals of Tabriz University of medical sciences. Purposive sampling method with the maximum variation was employed. Data collected by individual semi-structured interviews until data saturation and concurrently analyzed. MAXQDA 10 was used to manage the textual data. Results: Three main categories emerged from the experiences of medical residents including, inadequacy of clinical decision making requirements, decision making based on the prevailing conditions in the clinical setting and lack of supportive professional relations. Conclusion: Given that clinical decision making is formed in a structure consisting of the climate of clinical setting, available facilities and equipment as well as professional relationships in workplace; therefore, elimination of barriers requires improving the cultural, educational, professional settings and interpersonal relationship. 5300 Curriculum Development Evaluation of Academic Burnout and Procrastination During the Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic in Medical Students Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin PhD Candidate in Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 1 4 2021 21 318 320 09 07 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5290 Educational Management Levels and sources of Covid-19 stress in medical sciences students regarding the related factors Baghcheghi Nayereh Koohestani Hamid Reza Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Assistant Professor, Department of medical education, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 308 317 22 06 2021 17 07 2021 Introduction: Education in the medical sciences, which somehow deals with the health and lives of human beings, seems to be a stressful experience, and this stress is greater than ever during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study endeavored to examine the levels and sources of Covid-19 stress in medical students and related factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 423 students of Saveh University of Medical Sciences participated in the academic year 2021. The instrumentation was the COVID-19 related Healthcare Students Stress Scale which was used after validation and reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods (independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance) at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The mean standardized score of Covid-19 stress (out of 4 scores) in the areas of fear of catching coronavirus 3.31±0.98, changes in education 3.01± 0.77, non-compliance of health protocols 2.28±0.81, social constraints were 2.11±0.95, and worrying news and overload information was 2.09±0.95. There was a statistically significant relationship between Covid-19 stress score with field of study, gender and academic year (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between age and place of residence with Covid-19 stress score (p>0.05). Conclusion: Covid-19 stress was high in students, accordingly it seems essential that medical sciences students have the ability to cope with stress, and also should identify the sources of Covid-19 stress in students and take supportive measures to eliminate or reduce sources of stress.   5201 Community Based Medicine The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between object relationships and emotional distress tolerance in nursing students of Tehran University Takhayori Mahmod Fakhri MohamadKazem Hasanzadeh Ramezan PhD student in Psychology, Sari Branch, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran Assistant Professor, Sari Branch, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Professor, Sari Branch, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 297 307 22 12 2020 09 03 2021 Introduction: Tolerance of emotional distress is one of the effective components in mental health and the study of factors affecting it, including object relationships and cognitive regulation of emotion is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between object relationships and tolerance of emotional distress in nursing students of the University of Tehran. Methods: The method of this research is correlational research based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students of the first semester of the academic Faculty of Nursing, University of Tehran in year of 2019. In this study, 280 people were randomly selected to determine the sample according to the number of observed variables and assigning a coefficient of 20 to each variable and taking into account the possibility of incomplete questionnaires. Data collection tools included Object Relationships Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale, and Emotional Distress Tolerance Scale. Data analysis tools were SPSS18 and AMOS-23. Results: The results showed that between the relationship between object and emotional distress tolerance (p <0.01, r =-0.36) and between maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and emotional distress tolerance (p <0.01, r -0.39) There is also a significant relationship between adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and tolerance of emotional distress (p<0.01, r=0.36). The findings also confirmed the mediating role of emotional distress tolerance (p<0.01, B=0.60) in the relationship between object relationships and emotional distress tolerance. Conclusion: The results of the present study confirmed the need to pay attention to object relationships and cognitive emotion regulation in predicting emotional distress tolerance in students. Therefore, teaching and strengthening object relationships and cognitive emotion regulation can be considered as an effective way to reduce students' emotional distress. 5284 Clinical Skills Evaluation Is Key Features and Key Features Problems different form each other? Yaghmaei Minoo Monajemi Alireza Shahid Beheshti University of Medical University,Tehran, Iran Institute for Humanities and cultural studies,Tehran, Iran 1 4 2021 21 294 296 10 06 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5268 Clinical Skills Evaluation Evaluating the competencies of undergraduate nursing students in clinical skills hosseini Abbas Hossinizadeh Zahra Abazari Parvaneh Instructor of Nursing, Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Nursing and Midwifery Care Research, Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Associate Professor of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research, Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 285 293 07 05 2021 10 07 2021 Introduction: Acquiring competence in clinical skills is one of the important goals of undergraduate nursing education. Assessing the achievement of this goal is the responsibility of nursing schools. In this regard, this study endeavored to determine the competencies of senior nursing students in clinical skills. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the year 2017. The population was 56 senior nursing students who were selected through census method. Data collection instruments were clinical skills checklist adapted from reputable and up-to-date textbooks. The evaluation methods were Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS). Data were analyzed using independent t-test. Results: The results revealed that 76.75% of the senior nursing students had desirable and desirable competencies in clinical skills. Students scored the highest and lowest (81.66%) in the skill of inserting a urinary catheter and measuring vital signs (58.95%) None of the contextual variables had a significant relationship with students' competence in clinical skills (P>0/05) Conclusion: Insufficient competence in intramuscular injection can be due to insufficient exposure of students to the method during internships. Students' lack of competence in measuring vital signs and subcutaneous injections, which are repetitive skills, requires serious consideration. 5280 Curriculum Development The importance of including a specialized physical education course in the prehospital emergency care curriculum Baghcheghi Nayereh koohestani Hamid reza Mesri Mehdi Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran 1 4 2021 21 283 284 02 06 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5332 other Virtual exam fraud and prevention strategies Araghiyanmojarad Fereshteh Jouybari Leila Jouybari Leila Yaghobi Tahereh Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari Golestan University of Medical Science Golestan University of Medical Science Mazandaran University of Medical Science 1 4 2021 21 281 282 01 09 2021 04 04 2021 Letter To Editor 5247 E-learning Designing and Validation of a Conceptual Model of E-learning in Iranian Universities of Medical Sciences Sajedi Roghayeh Khorshidi Abbas Hamidifar Fatemeh Moghaddasi Hamid Mahmoodi Amir Hossain Ph.D. in Educational Administration, English Language Department, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. Professor, Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Islam Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Health Information Technology & Management, School of Allied, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 266 280 20 03 2021 07 08 2021 Introduction: Parallel with the educational transformation and innovation plan in the health education system and the rapid developments in Information and Communication Technology, e-learning has been a challenge. The study endeavoured to design and validate the conceptual model of e-learning in universities of medical sciences in the years 2018-2019. Methods: In the qualitative phase of this mixed exploratory study, a total of 30 participants included university experts in the field of e-learning, were selected through snowball purposive sampling and in the quantitative phase, through a descriptive survey, a sample of 146 faculty members at Semnan University of Medical Sciences were selected. The instruments were semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin was conducted in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. As to the quantitative phase, confirmatory factor analysis was employed. Results: The conceptual model of e-learning in universities of medical sciences involved four significant dimensions: academic, spatial regions, national (macro) and international. Besides, 22 components and 222 indicators were extracted. In the quantitative phase, the results confirmed the good fit of the model.  Conclusion: To design a model of e-learning in universities of medical sciences, academic, spatial regions, national (macro), and international dimensions should be considered. 5265 Teaching Methods Comparison of the effect of e-learning and workshop on Nursing Students learning Amiri Henghameh Naghibeiranvand Mehran Allahverdi Nasim Master of Medical Educational, Department of Medical Education, Virtual Faculty Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Instructor Nursing, Department of Nursing, Nursing Faculty, Islamic Azad University Khorramabad Branch, Khorramabad, Iran. Instructor of Nursing, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 256 265 02 05 2021 06 07 2021   Introduction: Today, there is a growing trend towards e-learning, and on the other hand, the use of workshop teaching methods is still considered. This study endeavored to determine the the possible effect of e-learning and workshop methods on the rate of learning to care for patients with cardiac dysrhythmias in nursing students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study included two pre-test-post-test groups without control group that was performed on 60(Two groups of 30) undergraduate nursing students of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences through convincing sampling method. Data collection instrument was a multiple-choice test. Data were analyzed using with descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and independent paired sample t-test methods. Results: The mean and standard deviation of learning score in e-learning and workshop training groups were 11.29± 2 2.68 and 10.41±1.35 respectively. The results showed that both e-learning and workshop training are effective in students' learning, but no significant difference was found between the effect of web-based and workshop training methods on learning (P <0.05). Conclusion: E-learning is one of the basic needs of the current education at all levels education. Due to such advantages as flexibility as well as lack of time and space constraints, it can be used as a complementary method in academic level. 5252 Educational Management The lived experience of conditional medical students from academic failure: A phenomenological study Sohrabi َAyat Mahdad Ali Sadeghi Ahmad Aghaei Asghar Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan) Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 247 255 08 04 2021 20 07 2021 Introduction: Empowering students and preventing academic failure is one of the prominent issues for medical students. Causes and factors during students' studies reduce the quality of students' learning process and leads to academic and conditional dropout of some students. This study sought to investigate these factors from the view of Isfahan medical students. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach and a review of the lived experiences of probationary students in the academic years 2018-2019 at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected using semi-structured interview individually in writing and by voluntary sampling method and based on content analysis strategy were analyzed manually. Results: A total of 31 probationary students were interviewed until the theoretical saturation of the data was reached. As to the analysis of the interviews, a total of 131 open codes, 30 pivotal codes and 5 selective codes were obtained. The highest number of factors of academic failure from the views of students were placed in the selection code of individual factors. Other factors of academic failure were in 4 selection codes of educational environment, psychological factors, factors related to family and community, factors related to professors. The common codes cited by students are as follows: lack of motivation, distraction, financial difficulties, teacher rigor, depressed mood, frustration with future careers, parental incompetence, and low self-esteem. Conclusion: Considering the causes and different areas that are effective in creating academic failure, it is necessary to have an integrated and comprehensive view of education authorities and families in dealing with the issue of academic failure. 5259 Teacher Evaluation A comparative study of the educational evaluation system of faculty members in Iranian universities of medical sciences Haghighi Mehdi Akbari َAhmad Cherabin Moslem Karimi Mohammad Phd Candidate In Educational Administration, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Bardaskan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bardaskan, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Humanities, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 237 246 25 04 2021 06 07 2021 Introduction: Educational evaluation of faculty members is a continuous and multidimensional process to describe and promote the quality of various educational activities of professors. This study endeavored to investigate the educational evaluation system of professors in some universities of medical sciences in Iran. Methods: This descriptive study with the comparative method of study was conducted through George Brady model. The population includes the top five universities of medical sciences in Iran based on QS rankings, including Tehran, Tarbiat Modares, Shahid Beheshti, Shiraz, and Isfahan. The sampling method is Census. The instrument was a questionnaire extracted from the guidelines of educational quality performance of faculty that taken from the regulations for the promotion of faculty members of universities approved in the academic year 2016. Results: The important sources of information are students, colleagues, department heads, and faculty officials. Observance of discipline, scientific and educational ability, quality of teaching, interaction with students and colleagues, observance of rules and regulations are among the common axes of evaluation. Evaluation is used to change the employment status, annual promotion and promotion of professors. Evaluation feedback was provided with confidential letter to the professor. Low evaluation score hampers the Job promotion, annual promotion, change of employment status, full-time, and Medical office license. Conclusion: An evaluation system needs to cover different areas of education, research, administration, and the functional goals of the university and follow a logical order. It seems that identifying the weaknesses of university and using quantitative and qualitative evaluation alongside using different sources and comparing with the evaluation systems of other universities to review will promote the quality of evaluation of professors. 5205 Clinical Skills Evaluation Designing and Proposing a Phronetic Model to Solve the Care Crisis Babaii Saeedeh Monajemi Alireza PhD candidate of Philosophy of Science and Technology, Department of philosophy of Science and Technology, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy of Science and Technology, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 223 236 29 12 2020 26 05 2021 Introduction: ؟One of the two major crises modern medicine is confronting with is the quality-of-care crisis (QCC); The QCC is the result of the ignorance of the existential and psychological needs of patients by doctors, nurses, and caregivers. In this paper, we aim to review this crisis and the importance of taking it into consideration by caregivers. We also develop a framework, called The Phronetic Model for Care, for an ideal care practice that can be used as a basis for training caregivers and this could be a major step to overcome QCC Methods: This study has been written using the Critical Review method and the proposed steps by Carnwell & Daly to design a conceptual model. The concepts and resources related to the QCC have been searched for in databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, Elsevier, and PhilPapers with the keywords medical practice, healthcare practice, critical reflection, empathy, phronesis, practical wisdom, reflective practice and the latest and most cited papers and books have been selected and read. Results: This study has been written using the Critical Review method and the proposed steps by Carnwell & Daly to design a conceptual model. The concepts and resources related to the QCC have been searched for in databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, Elsevier, and PhilPapers with the keywords medical practice, healthcare practice, critical reflection, empathy, phronesis, practical wisdom, reflective practice and the latest and most cited papers and books have been selected and read. Conclusion: Regarding that one of the most important steps to alleviate QCC is rethinking the concept of QCC and its various components, the proposed framework for practicing care can be used as a basis for teaching the skills required by caregivers and their proper training in order to emancipate from QCC. 5206 E-learning Elaborating on the strengths and weaknesses of the evaluation status and quality assurance of e-learning in universities of medical sciences Eslami Kaveh Boostani Hatam Zahiri Mansour Jahani Simin Fouladi Dehaghi Behzad Salahshori Arash Arjmand Reza Babaei Heydarabadi Akbar Assistant Professor, Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Associate professor, Department of Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Associate professor, Department of Medical and surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Associate professor, Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 208 222 30 12 2020 23 01 2021   Introduction: Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of evaluation and quality assurance of an e-learning system can help design the systematic structure of the evaluation process in the higher education to elevate the quality of education. In view of this, this study endeavored to elaborate on the strengths and weaknesses of evaluation and quality assurance of e-learning in medical universities. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted by conventional (inductive) content analysis method in the academic year 2020 in Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. The population consisted of professors, director of the EDC, educational vice-chancellor/president of university. The sample size was selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured electronic questionnaire was used to collect data and Granheim and Landman content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. Results: The analysis of qualitative data obtained from 153 questionnaires from 46 universities of medical sciences was done in two main areas: strength and weakness including 17 main categories and 65 sub-categories. Strength includes providing e-learning evaluation tools, Stakeholders monitoring and feedback, assessment and adaptation of virtual lesson plans with curriculum, using the system for evaluation, developing protocols and evaluation mechanisms, forming an accreditation committee, so on. Weakness includes lack of comprehensive evaluation and quality assurance protocol, lack of evaluation infrastructure in Navid system, quantification and attention to the number of contents, ambiguity in ensuring the safety of final exams, so on. Conclusion: Providing standards and developing an evaluation mechanism can increase the quality of the e-learning evaluation process and make it easier to implement. 5186 Educational Management Identifying the Components of the Talent Management of faculty Members in Universities of Medical Sciences: A Meta-synthetic Study keykha ٍElham keykha Ahmad Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of dentistry, Qom University of Medical Science and Health Services, Qom, Iran. Ph.D. student of Economics and Finance Management of Higher Education, Department of Management and Educational Planning, University of Tehran, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 189 207 27 11 2020 13 03 2021   Introduction: Talent management, especially in higher education, is important due to the main role it can play in tackling the global challenges and development of different countries. This study endeavored to identify the components of talent management of faculty members in universities of Medical Sciences Based on internal and external studies. Methods: This study sought for the keyword of talent management of faculty members through meta-synthesis in both national (2006 to 2020) and international (2000 to 2020) academic databases: Magiran, Ensani, SID and databases: Scopus, Science Direct, Emerald, Google Scholar. Finally, after screening and reading, 26 articles were selected. Results: The gathered data were analyzed through the Sandolowski and Barso's seven-step method. A total of 178 key concepts and 20 Subcategories were reached as follows: talent identification, systematic approach to talent identification, identification of individual and professional competencies, review and correction of recruitment indicators, systematic recruitment process, talent selection, human capital development and academic development, efficient human resource management, effective evaluation and monitoring, infrastructure development and improvement, substitution, supportive attitude to maintenance, professional maintenance, management-executive policies in maintenance, competitive spaces, functionalism, talented university culture and collective culture in the university. Likewise, six major categories of talent identification, talent acquisition, talent development, talent retention, competitiveness and core performance, establishing a talent culture were reached. Conclusion: Findings of this study underlined the importance of such components as talent retention, talent identification, talent development, talent acquisition, competitiveness and central performance, as well as the establishing a talent culture. This way,planning the development of talents in different ways is suggested. 5178 Teaching Methods Factors affecting nursing student acceptance of online learning under the COVID-19 pandemic Hoseinzadeh Esmaeil Aliabadi Tayebeh Dehghan Nayeri Nahid Rahmatpour Pardis Sharif Nia Hamid PhD Student in Nursing, School of nursing and midwifery, Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran. Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj, Iran Associate Professor, Medical Educational Development Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 178 188 11 11 2020 23 01 2021   Introduction: The advantages of online learning are enhancing independence and incentive of students for learning, improving the connection between individuals and making flexibility in time and place for doing the activity. This study endeavored to determine factors affecting nursing students’ acceptance of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was done with a sample of students on Islamic Azad University of Gorgan and Neishaboor's. Convenience sampling was done and 368 of 500 students participated in the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographic questions, educational information and translated questionnaires that included student perceptions of an online course, University student engagement inventory and acceptance of online learning. Descriptive statistics were employed to assess demographic characteristics simple and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the predictor variables of students' acceptance of online learning. Pvalue<0.05 was considered for all tests. Results: The effective factors on student's acceptance for online learning was widespread high-speed Internet access at home, increasing the quality of connection to Internet and increasing the quality of laptop, tablet or mobile phone. On the other hand, multiple linear regression results showed only the remaining variables in the model were increasing the score of the course content (β=0.18, P<0.001), teacher-student interaction (β=0.14, P=0.001), and the students' engagement (β=0.22, P>0.001). It is of note that this model had an explanatory power of 46%. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, if teachers strengthen the content of the course and create the creativity in interaction and use of all the features of the online learning system, we can hope that the rate of online learning acceptance among students will increase. 5191 other Examining the evolution of nursing education in Isfahan from 1968 to 2018: A historical study Ziaee Elaheh Sadat Babaee ُSima Taleghani ّFariba Shahriari Mohsen Ph.D. in nursing, medical education and development center, Isfahan university of medical science, Isfahan, Iran. Assistant professor, adult health nursing department, faculty of nursing and midwifery, nursing and midwifery care research center, Isfahan, Iran. Professor, Adult Health Nursing Department, Faculty Of Nursing And Midwifery, Nursing And Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. Professor, Adult Health Nursing Department, Faculty Of Nursing And Midwifery, Nursing And Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 168 177 08 12 2020 16 03 2021 Introduction: Knowledge of the history and developments of a discipline paves the way for comprehension of what has happened before as well as understanding the contemporary phenomena and creating insight for the future; this way, it creates knowledge and leads to the creation and reconstruction of a discipline. Accordingly, understanding evolution from historical facet in nursing seems indispensable. Despite the fact that more than 50 years have passed since the establishment of schools and nursing education in Isfahan not much information is available and a very few studies have been done in this regard; in so doing, this study endeavors to examine the evolution of nursing education in Isfahan. Methods: The is a qualitative research with historical survey that 12 in-depth interviews were conducted and 80 journals, booklets and old books, 350 historical and old photographs were examined. The codes obtained from the interviews as well as the items obtained from the texts were put together to develop the structure of the narrative, which shows the evolution of education in the nursing in Isfahan. Results: The obtained narratives were as follows: Higher School of Nursing from the years 1968 to 1976 and 1976 to 1982, educational complex of Isfahan belonging to the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the evolution of the Isfahan faculty of Nursing and Midwifery during and after the Islamic revolution. Conclusion: Since nursing care and nursing education has grown rapidly in other countries, it seems that nursing education, especially in Isfahan as one of the metropolitan cities in Iran has many prospects in the future and can move towards promotion of professionalism and specialization. 5103 Educational Management Elaborating on the experts' comprehension of the innovative medical education program Ahmady Soleiman Arabi Mohsen Associate Professor of Medical Education, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Education development center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences and Health, Karaj, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 155 167 19 07 2020 13 02 2021 Introduction: Today, the medical education system in Iran has made significant progress in the development of strategic plans in medical education. The reform and innovation in medical education programs is one of the steps of the health system reform plan, which was presented in the year 2015 along with a view to the policies, plans, and strategies of the country. This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of reform and innovation program from the perspective of experts. Methods: This qualitative study was done through a content analysis approach. Interviews were used to collect information. The study was based on purposive sampling method and sample size was based on saturation phenomenon. Fifteen experts in this field were interviewed in person and by telephone. Data analysis was performed through the 5-step Graneheim and Lundman method. Results: A total of 108 codes were solicited from the participants. Due to the similarities and differences between the codes, different classes and subcategories were obtained. Altogether, the different classes and subclasses obtained were placed in the form of five themes. These five main themes were complexity, challenge of documenting and central reporting, comprehensiveness, educational discourse, as well as new horizons. Conclusion: The innovation program in medical science education enhanced the interaction and purposeful communication between the universities of the region and created a discourse of reform and innovation in higher education. Considering the strengths and weaknesses of this program (according to the view of experts), the executive planning of this plan can be brought closer to reality. 5136 Curriculum Development Crystallization of professionalism for medical students: Education and consequences Vasili Arezoo keshtiarai Narges yousefy Alireza PhD Student, Department of Educational Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Assistan Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Professor, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 131 154 16 09 2020 27 02 2021 Introduction: Professionalism is now considered as a key component of health care providers. This systematic review endeavored to examine domestic and international documents regarding professionalism education in medical students and consequences. Methods: This Narrative review employed the English and Persian keywords of medical professionalism, Medical professionalism, curriculum, professionalism curriculum, medical education, and combining these keywords in electronic databases as Scopus, Web of Sciences and Medline was done using Google scholar and Google. National electronic databases SID, Magiran and Iranmedex were included as well. The articles and sources reviewed were from the years 1999 to 2019. Finally, 38 articles and three books were reviewed. This way, extraction of materials was done. Results: This Narrative review indicates that in the dimension of professionalism education, 11 components (curriculum, educational structure, individual factors, human factors, appropriate model, environmental factors, learners' experiences, use of appropriate learning theories, norms, motivational factors and appropriate evaluation) is more important. Professionalism training leads to the crystallization of consequences, most of which include 7 consequences; the crystallization of the traditional values of being a physician, professional commitment, socialization, professional competence, building trust in communication, forming values and forming the professional identity of learners. Studies underlined that the role of the hidden curriculum in teaching professionalism and shaping consequences. Conclusion: The Medical education should be reviewed in such a way that the professionalism education of medical students is included in all levels of education in addition to paying more attention to the hidden curriculum, as well as developing a written formal curriculum for medical professionalism. 5294 Educational Management Spatial Planning, a Necessity of Designing Unified Policy Structure and National Document for Higher Education in second Step of Islamic Revolution Pourabbasi Ataallah Ayati Mohammad Hossein Kheiry Zahra Haghdoost Ali Akbar Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1 4 2021 21 127 130 27 06 2021 04 04 2021 Letter to editor 5162 Clinical Teaching Students' Satisfaction with the Instructor Role in the Clinical Education: Surgical Technology Students Entezari Ahmad Torkashvand Mohammad Torkashvand Zahra Assistant professor, School of Paramedicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Assistant professor, Department of demography, School of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 1 4 2021 21 118 126 17 10 2020 08 02 2021 Introduction: Preceptors are one of the important factors affecting the quality of clinical education. This study sought to investigate the role of preceptor in surgical technologist students' satisfaction with clinical education course in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted as a census among undergraduate students of surgical technology at Yazd University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2018 (80 samples). A standard questionnaire including items about the satisfaction with instructor and the demographic characteristics of the students and the instructor was completed by the students. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In general, 31 students (43%) had high satisfaction, 22 students (31%) had moderate satisfaction and 19 students (26%) had low satisfaction with their instructor role. Satisfaction with the female instructor was lower than the male instructor in all areas (mean score of satisfaction with the male instructor was 33 and female instructor was 29). The highest score of satisfaction was related to the social etiquette and behavior of the instructor and mutual respect (with an average of 3.7). The main dissatisfaction of students was inappropriate evaluation (with an average of 2.7). Conclusion: The clinical instructor should be more sensitive to the type of communication with the student and keeping in mind that motivating of students is an indispensable part of their learning. A comprehensive framework for evaluating students and monitoring its implementation by the instructor should be set throughout university. Clinical preceptors who have enough time to train students should be selected. 5126 Educational Management Designing a framework for organizational characteristics affecting organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities Akbari Mohammad Saeed Bagheri Kerachi Amin Ghasemi Zad Alireza PhD Student, Department of Educational Management, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran. Assistant Professor, Education, farhangian university, Tehran, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 104 117 05 09 2020 27 12 2020 Introduction: According to the Transformation and Innovation Package in Medical Education, medical universities are expected to move to third generation (i.e., entrepreneurial) universities. This study endeavored to design a framework for organizational characteristics affecting organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities. Methods: Using content analysis method, 16 health management and higher education specialists were included in the study by purposive and snowball sampling. The method of data collection was semi-structured interview and interviews were conducted in the participants’ professional contexts between April and October of the academic year 2020. To ensure the validity of the data, methods such as continuous review and simultaneous analysis of data, feedback to participants and observer review were used. Data were analyzed and coded manually by the researchers. Results: In this study, the framework of organizational characteristics affecting organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities was designed and the dimensions, criteria, and indicators of this framework were identified. According to this framework, organizational characteristics affecting organizational entrepreneurship consists of seven dimensions are like this: community responsiveness, knowledge and innovation, organizational intelligence and adaptability, financial independence, culture of partnership and entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial manpower, an entrepreneurial and technology-based curriculum. Conclusion: The framework of organizational characteristics affecting organizational entrepreneurship can be a good basis for the movement of medical universities towards organizational entrepreneurship. It is suggested that based on the framework of organizational characteristics, the current situation of organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities and its distance from the desired situation need to be evaluated. 5055 Community Based Medicine Improving the Quality of Clinical Learning of Midwifery Students through One-by-One Model: An Action Research Approach Enjezab Behnaz Dafei Maryam Bokaie Mahshid Associate Professor, Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Assistant Professor, Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Associate Professor, Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 94 103 11 03 2020 02 01 2021 Introduction: Action research is one of the ways to promote clinical education. This study sought to investigate the possible effect of using one-by-one model to improve of quality in clinical learning of midwifery students in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This action research study was conducted through Lewin's model with the participation of stakeholders including midwifery students, midwifery experts, and midwifery department head. Five focus-group discussions were held. Data were analyzed through conventional qualitative content analysis and the suggested solutions to promote the quality of clinical learning were designed as a one-by-one teaching model. Then, according to developed training program, intervention was conducted in two semesters. Results: The findings of the first stage revealed that the average number of students in each group and in each work shift, and the average number of services provided (delivery, IUD insertion) in a work shift were not desirable which showed shortcomings in the factors of skills, personality, and management in clinical education of midwifery students. After implementing a one-by-one model in two semesters, effective hours of student presence in the clinic and the number of services performed by them increased in each work shift and generally skill, personality, and management of the improved  factors. Conclusion: Applying a one-by-one model has an effective role in promoting the quality of clinical learning of midwifery students, but planning and attracting the participation of an educational colleague are challenging tasks. 5166 Teacher Evaluation Designing and validation of a questionnaire to assess the ability of faculty members of medical universities Elahi Nasrin Sayadi Neda Moradi kalboland Mehrnaz Associate Professor , Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, Nursing & Midwifery Faculty, Department of Nursing of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Ahvaz Jundishapur university of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Assistant Professor, Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 1 4 2021 21 82 93 20 10 2020 27 01 2021 Introduction: Background &Aim: Assessing professional commitment and the teaching-learning process of faculty members requires valid tool that appropriate to the prevailing culture. The aim was to design and validate a questionnaire to assess the ability of faculty members of the University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This methodological study was conducted in 2018 in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. First, the concept of empowering faculty members was explained using content analysis method. For building the tools, the results of the literature review, measurement tools and interviews were extracted and appropriate phrases were developed that covered the various dimensions of the concept. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, face validity, content and structure were used. The exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the underlying structure of the questionnaire and KOM index and Bartlett test were used to assess the adequacy of the number of samples and the appropriateness of the analysis to identify the structure, respectively. 210 students and 20 faculty members were randomly selected and participated in the study. Results: Sixty-eighth items were approved by experts and stakeholders. In the process of validity and reliability assessment number of items were reduced to 41. The ratio and content validity index were 0.79 and 0.92, respectively. Validity by exploratory factor analysis was performed. Exploratory factor analysis suggested a six-factor model items including: comprehensive performance in teaching, educational responsibilities, empowering evaluation, professional cooperation and communication, research performance, and management-professional activities. These six factors explained 75% of variance empowerment of faculty. Therefore, internal consistency and test-retest method were used to determine the reliability of instrument (α=0.94), (ICC=0.992). Conclusion: The present study showed that the researcher-made questionnaire has good validity and reliability and can be used to measure the ability of faculty members of medical universities. 5168 Curriculum Development The degree of compliance of the content of the general dentistry curriculum with job needs from the perspective of dentists in Birjand Rezaei Zahra Ramazanzade Khaironnesa Abbaszadeh Hamid Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. PhD candidates, Education Development Center & 3 PhD candidates, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 68 81 24 10 2020 04 01 2021 Introduction: Curriculum needs to be re-evaluated during implementation Graduates' low ability can be related to non-compliance of curriculum content with job need. This study sought to investigate the degree of compliance of content of the general dentistry curriculum with job needs from perspective of Dentists in Birjand and their skills. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the academic year 2020 in Birjand. Target group was general dentists in Birjand, namely census sampling. Data were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire with three sections like this: demographic information, degree of compliance of curriculum content with job need (including 6 subgroups, 93 questions of theoretical courses before and after basic sciences, practical courses before and after basic sciences, pre-clinic courses and internship courses) and skill of dentist at beginning of work (51 items) with 5-point Likert scale The link of electronic questionnaire was sent for dentists via social media (Telegram and WhatsApp). Data were assessed by descriptive statistics Using excel 2013 software. Results: Seventy four questionnaire were completed and analyzed. In basic sciences course, the two lessons of anatomical sciences (3.565 ± 0.882) as well as oral health and society (3.42 ± 0.961) had the most and parasitology (2.116 ± 0.85) and biochemistry (2.159 ± 0.98) had the lowest compliance with job need. In other lessons, compliance with job need was favorable. The dentists' skill level was very low on treatment of the opened sinus, medical emergencies, construction of orthodontic plaque, and crown lengthening. Conclusion: Due to the low degree of compliance of theoretical and practical courses in basic sciences, the use of novel pedagogical methods as horizontal or vertical integration of the curriculum seems to be necessary to establish a relationship between basic and clinical sciences. 5107 Curriculum Development The opinions of the lecturers from the Msc of Psychiatry nursing curriculum: a qualitative study Taheri Mohammad Rahgoi Abolfazl Fallahi Masoud M.Sc. Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran. Instructor, Nursing Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran. Professor of Psychiatric Nursing, Nursing Department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran 1 4 2021 21 55 67 22 07 2020 04 11 2020 Introduction: The development of health services in recent years has made it necessary to train nurses especially at the master's level. In so doing, psychiatry nursing was set up in Iran for better nursing care to psychiatric patients and the curriculum was established in the year 2011. In this study, due to the lack of comprehensive evaluation of the adequacy of the new curriculum in this field as an important component, the opinions of educators in the field of psychiatric nursing was solocited. Methods: This qualitative study was performed using Conventional content analysis in the academic year 2018. Participants were 9 psychiatric nursing lecturers with at least 2 semesters of teaching experience from universities across Iran randomly selected to take part in semi-structured oral interviews (30-60 minutes) and continued until data saturation, and open-source codes were extracted by repeated reading of the interviews. Results: After reviewing the gathered data, 90 primary open codes were extracted, which were divided into 4 categories and 5 sub-categories based on the relationship between the codes. Of these, 25% of the codes were related to the overall structure of the curriculum, 28.7% were related to the educational efficiency, 22.22% were related to the research efficiency and 24.07% of the codes were related to the clinical efficiency of the curriculum. Conclusion: The results revealed the inefficiency of the curriculum in various aspects of education, research and clinical, which in turn suggests the reevaluation of the program to solve problems based on the views of educators. 5061 other A review of the role, status and application of psychometric measurement in medical education tests Akbarilakeh Maryam Shahbazi Sara Khajeali Nasrin Assistant Professor , Department Of Medical Education, Center For Educational Research In Medical Sciences (Cerms), Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Phd Candidate, Department Of Medical Education, School Of Management & Medical Education Sciences. Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences. Tehran. Assistant Professor , Department Of Medical Education , Jundishapur University Of Medical Science, Ahvaz,Iran 1 4 2021 21 43 54 07 04 2020 13 07 2020 Introduction: Measurement has a special place in education. The main challenge of today psychometric measurements is to obtain numerical values for the competencies that can be used as a basis for decision making. In view of this, the purpose of this study is to review the role, position, and application of psychometric measurement in medical education exams. Methods: This review study was conducted through the keywords Measurement, Assessment, Psychometric, Theoretical support, Theoretical Analysis, Theoretical foundation, Psychometric Analysis, Test, Examination, Medical Education, Validity and Reliability at websites such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SID, ERIC and Science direct and has been done on 32 articles without از time limit. Results: From a total of 92 reviewed articles, the documentation of 32 relevant and valid articles was extracted with 31 English articles and a Persian article. Important findings of this study underline the validity, reliability, educational effect, acceptability, cost and applicability as well as sensitivity of the test, which are important features in the psychometrics of medical science tests. These findings highlight the importance of psychometric properties in evaluations in medical education. Conclusion: The results show that due to the importance of psychometric properties in medical education exams, especially in high-sensitivity exams, familiarity with these features and standardization methods of exams is a necessity for medical educators. The use of techniques to increase the validity and reliability of exams and considering the basic principles in the design, preparation, implementation and analysis of exams is recommended to policy makers and examiners, educators and those in charge of higher education. 5121 Curriculum Development Curriculum Revision in Health Policy PhD Course Education Doshmangir Leila Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim geraili Bijan Alipori Sakha Minoo Mostafavi Hakimeh Associate Professor,Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Researcher, Mazandaran University of medical sciences, sari, Iran. Researcher, Deputy of health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Researcher, Health Economy Department, Vice-Chancellor’s Office in Treatment Affairs, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 29 42 24 08 2020 20 12 2020 Introduction: Curriculum revision with a new perspective on knowledge, skills, and learning is a step towards evolving and updating pedagogical content. This study endeavored to review PhD curriculum of health policy based on the required capacities for graduates. Methods: This study was conducted at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (in the academic years 2016-2018) based on Dennis Modified Model. We used a set of methods such as review of documents, comparative study, interview, focus-group discussion and panel of experts for gathering data. The study was conducted in four stages including need analysis, explaining the required competencies, modifying, adapting, and rewriting the initial curriculum, and finalizing the curriculum. Finally, the final curriculum was sent to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Data were analyzed through a conceptual framework approach and through content analysis. Results: The content of the course was designed based on the outcomes of the course and the plans and tasks of the graduates of this field. Graduates' abilities were extracted in 5 areas including policy making, policy analysis, leadership and social communication, as well as education and research. Some lessons were removed and some were added. Besides, the change in the content of specific courses was emphasized given the approval of similar disciplines and attention to optional courses in order to Specializing the course. Conclusion: Reviewing the curriculum of the doctoral program in health policy and its implementation can lead to develop the more purposeful teaching-learning process, implementing the capability-based training and responsive education, increasing the specialized knowledge and technical skills of graduates, that enhance their success possibility in the future job. It is suggested that special attention has been paid to this issue and the requirements, challenges and appropriate strategies for precise and scientific review of various fields in medical and paramedical education be examined. 5138 Educational Technology Educational Agent's Roles and Learning Mohtadi Somaye Nili Ahmadabadi MohammadReza Ph.D Student, Instructional Technology, Psychology and Educational Science, Allame Tabataba'i, Tehran, Iran. Associate Professor, Department of Instructional Technology, Psychology and Educational Science, Allame Tabataba'i, Tehran, Iran. 1 4 2021 21 19 28 17 09 2020 07 12 2020   Introduction: Educational agents are screen characters who can influence learners’ learning by playing different roles; this way, it has become one of the topics in the field of instructional technology and can be used in teaching various sciences as medicine. This study sought to identify the different roles that educational agents take on and their impact on learning outcomes and learner’s behaviors. Methods: This study systematically examines the studies related to the roles of the educational agent and their impact during the years 2010 to 2019 in Science Direct, Springer, Google Scholar and IEEEXplore databases by accurately and systematically identifying them. As to the selection of articles, only English articles based on an experimental study were examined. The keywords educational agent and pedagogical agent have been used to find articles. Results: Based on the search strategy, 126 articles were obtained and after deleting the items that could not be accessed to the article full text and the abstract did not contain complete information, or was not related to the questions of this study, 30 articles were reviewed. Findings revealed that educational agents in different situations take on different roles such as coach, specialist, facilitator, motivator, feedback, so on, and these roles have a positive effect on learners' learning and behaviors. Conclusion: The educational factor can have a positive effect on learning as well as learners' behaviors by adapting various roles such as feedback, motivator, facilitator, instructor, so on Accordingly, to develop e-learning environments, it seems indispensable to use educational agents to improve the quality of learning. 5225 Clinical Teaching Using Of Educational Movie In Teaching Preapical Bisecting Technique In Dental Students’ Isfahan University Medical Sciences Mehdizadeh Mojdeh Mollabashi ROYA Khorami Ladan Soltani Mohamad Mehdi KkhaksarBoldaji Ahmadreza Lesani Sayd Milad Dental implant research center.department of radiology. dental research institute. Isfahan university of medical sciences. Isfahan, Iran MD and Medical education MS. Medical education research center. Isfahan university of medical sciences. Isfahan, Iran. Maxillofacial radiologist.. Torabinejad Dental Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Resident of maxillofacial surgery. Dental school of Isfahan university of medical sciences. Isfahan, Iran Isfahan university of medical sciences Dental implant research center. Department of radiology. dental research institute. Isfahan university of medical sciences. Isfahan, Iran 1 4 2021 21 10 18 07 02 2021 06 03 2021 Introduction: Parallel with the progress in the educational technology, teaching methods have shifted from traditional methods to new methods. One of these methods and educational tools, in the electronic education, is educational movies. This study was done to review the effect of educational bisecting periapical radiograph technique video clip on dentistry students’ learning at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 54 students of the 6th semester of the dentistry school of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, who studied the course of dental radiology in the academic years 2017-2018, were included in the study. These students were randomly divided into two groups; in the first group, method of taking radiographs were taught in the field. In the second group, the teaching method was both in the field and by movie. Scores of two groups were compared for evaluate learning of the students. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and independent test. Results: The mean score of dental radiography in the traditional group was 41±9/06 and in the other group was 105±16.05. The difference between the means of the two groups was significant )p>0/001,t 32.1). The average score of students' satisfaction with the quality of the educational video was 40/3±5/2. Conclusion: The results showed that educational movie with traditional methods could be an effective strategy for better learning in students. 5248 Clinical Teaching 12 Tips for a successful Virtual Morning Report Nasiri Toosi Mohsen Mirzazadeh Azim Naderi Neda Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran 1 4 2021 21 9 1 25 03 2021 05 04 2021 Letter To Editor