70 1608-9359 Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences 1447 other 1 10 2010 10 3 319 320 12 02 2011 06 08 2011
1446 other 1 10 2010 10 3 317 318 12 02 2011 06 08 2011 1431 other 1 10 2010 10 3 312 316 31 01 2011 06 08 2011 1430 other Comparing Educational, Research and Administrative Activities of Faculty Members Completing their PhD Degree either using Scholarship Funds or not Tavakoli Maryam Yamani Nikoo Javadi Marzieh 1 10 2010 10 3 301 311 31 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: Every year some faculty members continue their education to get their PhD in the form of scholarship, educational assignment, or other ways. Granting scholarship for studying inside or outside the country imposes many problems and high costs to the Ministry of Health and medical universities in Iran. This study aimed to compare the educational, research and administrative performance of faculty members taking advantage of scholarship funds or using other sources to continue their studies for PhD degree. Methods: This descriptive study was done on faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences who completed their PhD degree during the years 1986-2006. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including three parts asking about faculty members educational, administrative and research performances. The obtained results were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: In total 82 faculties were studied among which 39 had used external scholarship, 16 had internal scholarship, 12 were on educational assignment, and 13 had continued their studies without using any mentioned procedures. There was a significant difference (p=.01) between the 4 groups in evaluation scores (educational performance). But, no significant difference was observed in their administrative performance. Regarding their research activities, a significant difference was observed in some research areas such as conducting research (p=.002), articles published in Iranian journals (p=.004), and in journals outside the country (p=.04). Conclusion: According to the results, faculty members using external or internal scholarship had a lower performance in their research activities compared to the other groups. Also, the administrative activities of faculty members with external scholarship were less than the others. Therefore, it is recommended that through more detailed and extensive studies, re-examine the policies and regulations regarding scholarship or educational assignments. 1422 other The Relationship between Time Management and Academic Achievements Among Bachelor and Master Students of Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Saketi Parviz Taheri Ali 1 10 2010 10 3 293 300 26 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: The capability of applying time management skill, is an important factor in academic and non-academic achievements. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between time management and academic achievement of master and bachelor students of Shiraz University (SU) and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, 610 students were selected through cluster sampling. Data was gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire including items asking about individual skills, time management, and average score. The gathered information was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean score of time management skill and also the average score was significantly higher among students of SUMS compared students of SU (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed among male and female students considering time management skill but, in academic achievement, female students scores were higher than males (p<0.001). MS students enjoyed a higher mean score considering individual skills of time management, all 4 aspects, and academic achievement (p<0.001). Conclusion: The differences observed in time management skill was corresponding to differences in academic achievement scores. Therefore, it could be concluded that students academic achievement is roughly related to time management and its application in academic life. It is recommended to plan for students training on time management skills in order to enhance their accomplishments. 1423 other The Effect of Using Cardiology Ward Logbook on Students Training in Birjand University of Medical Sciences Kazemi Tooba Khazaei Tahereh Zolfaghari Banafsheh Sayah Zahra 1 10 2010 10 3 284 292 26 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: Being competent in performing clinical skills is necessary in medical profession. Acquiring essential competencies requires for time, patience, and practice in an appropriate context. Logbook is an instructional notebook in which there is a list of skills students must learn. These skills have been organized according to the opinion of faculty members of each ward and the international objectives set by ministry. The educational process could be evaluated continuously by means of these logbooks. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of using log books on clinical skills learning in cardiology ward. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 60 clerkship and internship students of cardiology ward in 2007-2008. In the first phase, students entering cardiology ward were selected as the control group. They received the usual instructions on clinical skills of the ward. In the second phase, logbooks were distributed among the next group of students as the experiment group and necessary explanations were provided for them. Students were asked to fill the required parts in the logbook and confirm them by their teacher. The educational content for both groups was the same. At the end of the course, students of each group were evaluated by their teachers using checklists for every single competency. Scores achieved for each competency were added up separately. The Mean scores of competencies achieved by students of both groups were compared using t-test. Results: The mean scores of all competencies achieved by the experiment group were significantly higher compared to those of the control group (α<0.05). In addition to comparing mean scores, total scores of competencies of clerks and interns in both groups were summed up and ranked qualitatively. So, the control group was ranked as average and the experiment group as good. Conclusion: Identifying educational objectives and providing guidelines through logbook could be an effective model for directing students towards clinical goals and improving the quality of education. 1439 other The Effect of Employing Standardized Patient on History Taking Skills of Medical Students Saboori Masih Jafari Farshad Monajemi Alireza 1 10 2010 10 3 276 283 08 02 2011 04 10 2013 Introduction: Using Standardized Patient (SP) in teaching history taking provides medical students with an opportunity to learn how to communicate with patients. A Standardized Patient is a person who has been carefully coached to simulate an actual patient so accurately. This study was performed to assess the effect of using SP on improving history taking skill of third year medical students. Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 95 students of Introduction to Clinical Medicine were divided into two experiment and control groups in 2007-2008. The control group received instruction on history taking skills through usual method of lecture. The experiment group was instructed using SP. At the end of the course, the students’ history taking skills were evaluated through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and the mean scores of the two groups were compared. Also the students viewpoints were investigated using a researcher-made reliable and valid questionnaire. Results: Although no significant difference was observed between the scores of individual items of checklist in the two groups, the total mean score of the experiment group (7.03± 1.349) was significantly higher than that of the control group (5.8± 1.473) (P<0.004). Most students (86.5%) preferred using SP for their instruction compared to lecture method. Conclusion: Standardized patient provides an appropriate opportunity for new medical students to experience and learn history taking and communication skills. It is highly recommended to use SP not only in teaching history taking and communication skills but also in physical examination course. 1414 Community Based Medicine Nursing Students Viewpoints toward Routine Instructional Tools Akhoundzadeh Kobra Salehi Shayesteh Yousefi Mohammad Hossein 1 10 2010 10 3 269 276 22 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: Instructional tools are among effective factors in learning. Learning about students viewpoints towards these tools could help teachers in choosing the most appropriate one. This study was performed to investigate and compare students views towards three routine instructional tools including PowerPoint, overhead, and whiteboard. Methods: In this descriptive study in the year 2007, 68 nursing students in Saveh Nursing School were investigated. The sampling was done by convenient sampling method and data were gathered using a 36 item questionnaire. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were verified using content validity and internal consistency of data, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and frequency) and inferential (paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient) statistics. Results: The mean scores of positive responses (from 0 to 100) regarding PowerPoint, whiteboard and overhead were 53.65±28.8, 53.65±27.6, and 21.93±25.5, respectively. 57.9% of students preferred PowerPoint, 38.6% chose whiteboard as their most favorable tool, and 3.5% had the preference for overhead. A difference was observed between scores of PowerPoint and overhead (t = 7.26, p < 0.005) as well as scores of whiteboard and overhead (t = 8.16, p < 0.005). Conclusion: Since, there are variations in students preferences for instructional tools, it is recommended that teachers use a combination of different instructional instruments in order to be more effective in promoting students’ motivation and satisfaction in the classroom. 1396 E-learning The Effect of Lecture in comparison with Lecture and Problem Based Learning on Nursing Students Self-Efficacy in Najafabad Islamic Azad University Fesharaki Mohammad Islami Mohammad Moghimian Maryam Azarbarzin Mehrdad 1 10 2010 10 3 262 268 04 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: Self-efficacy has an important role in applying scientific and professional knowledge and skills. Teaching methods can develop different skills such as decision making capability. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of teaching method of lecture in comparison with lecture and problem based learning on nursing students self-efficacy in Najafabad Islamic Azad University during 2008-2009. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 44 nursing students who had been admitted to the university in 2006, were selected through random sampling method. Then, they were assigned in to two experiment and control groups, randomly. The data gathering tool was the Iranian edition of Generalized Self Efficacy questionnaire (GSE10). The data were analyzed by version 15 of SPSS software using mean, standard deviation and independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: The self-efficacy score increased significantly in both lecture (p<.004) and PBL (P<.001) groups. Although the mean score of post-test was higher in PBL group compared to the lecture group, no significant difference was observed comparing the mean of the difference between pre and post-tests in the two groups. Conclusion: According to this study, effective education can promote students self-efficacy in order to carry out the related performance. Considering the higher mean score of the PBL group, it is recommended to pay more attention to this educational method in higher education curriculum. 1386 Clinical Teaching Faculty Members' Informational Needs and their Methods of Access to information in Isfahan University of Medicals Sciences Rahimi Alireza Ghahnaviyeh Hassan 1 10 2010 10 3 255 261 02 01 2011 05 08 2011 Introduction: Faculty members' needs to information and their awareness towards these needs, is of special importance. So that, this study was performed to determine the priority of faculty members' informational needs and their method of access to information in order to improve the efficacy and the procedures of supply, collection, and organization of information in informatics centers and libraries of the university. Methods: In a descriptive cross sectional study in the year 2007, all faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (616 faculty members in 60 educational departments) were studied. Data was gathered using a valid and reliable researcher made questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: According to the findings, the majority and the most important priorities of information resources included: print books, print journals, and specialized databases. The most familiarity with and the most applicable methods of access to information were electronic mail, workplace library, home page of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, search engines, and free on line medical databases. There was a correlation between easy access to information in workplace’s library, the coverage of needed information resources, and population’s satisfaction with the coverage of needed information resources in school libraries and their usage. Conclusion: Considering the limited usage of libraries’ electronic and new resources by faculty members, it is recommended to plan for faculty members' education which may lead to the more use of new information resources. 1378 Community Based Medicine The Relationship between Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies and Students’ Academic Status in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Javadi Marzieh Keyvanara Mahmoud Yaghoobi Maryam Hassanzadeh Akbar Ebadi Zahra 1 10 2010 10 3 246 254 29 12 2010 06 08 2011 Introduction: Learning and studying are considered among the most basic processes of every educational system. One of the most essential factor in determining learning behaviours, is metacognitive awareness and perception. This study was performed to determine the relationship between students’ metacognitive awareness of reading strategies and their academic status. Methods: In a descriptive correlational study, 191 students were selected through stratified random sampling out of total students of schools of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2008-2009 academic years. Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI) was distributed among study sample. Academic status of students was defined based on their grand point average. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 10 software using Pearson correlation, independent t, and variance analysis tests. Results: The mean and standard deviation of metacognitive awareness score of students was 66.62 ± 14.8. The mean score of metacognitive awareness showed a significant correlation with students’ score of academic status meaning that students with average score higher that 17, had a significantly higher metacognitive awareness. Metacognitive awareness showed no significant relationship with variables of age, gender, and residence place. But, there was a significant relationship with academic level, so as MS students had higher metacognition score compared to that of PhD students. Conclusion: Metacognitive awareness and knowledge may lead to a more effective learning and studying in different courses. Considering the fact that metacognitive awareness and knowledge could be learnt both in family or educational settings in all levels of learners, it is recommended that educational and cultural institutions develop a comprehensive and detailed plan in this regard. 1354 Community Based Medicine Interns’ Satisfaction Rate from Educational Status of Emergency Ward in Emam Reza Hospital of Tabriz during Academic Years of 2007-2008 Ala Alireza Rajaei Roozbeh 1 10 2010 10 3 238 245 22 12 2010 06 08 2011 Introduction: Emergency ward is of special importance in medical education, as students have the opportunity of getting experienced and skilled in crisis management. Hence, this study was performed to investigate interns’ viewpoints toward the present situation of education at the end of emergency ward. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study performed during the academic year of 2007-2008, 120 interns of emergency ward were selected using census sampling method in educational hospital of Emam Reza affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of 4 parts (how interns’ time is spent, their satisfaction with learning patient management in special situations, clinical skills, and quality of emergency ward). Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 5 using descriptive statistics and t-test. Results: Satisfaction of the majority of students with the manner of clinical skills education in the management of special urgent situation was in average to high level (except for the management of allergic emergencies which was reported to be low). Interns’ satisfaction with procedural skills education was reported to be mainly within the range of average to very high. Agreement of 64.2% of participants about extending the duration of emergency ward course was high or very high. The mean ranking score of the emergency ward rotation compared to other passed rotations by interns was almost 2 (1: the best situation, 10: the worst situation). Conclusion: Although students’ satisfaction with educational status showed an improvement compared to previous studies, but the current one is still far from ideal condition. 1353 Community Based Medicine The Correlation between Students' Evaluation of Faculty and Faculty Self-Assessment in Ahvaz Jundishapur University Shakurnia Abdolhossein Fakoor Mohamad Elhampoor Hossein Taherzadeh Maryam Chaab Farahnaz 1 10 2010 10 3 229 237 22 12 2010 06 08 2011 Introduction: Investigating the results of faculty evaluation by students and the scores attained from their self-assessment may prove helpful in recognizing the weaknesses and strengths of evaluation system and consequently lead to quality improvement which is the main goal of evaluation. This study was performed to investigate the correlation between faculty members' self-assessment scores and their scores from evaluation by students in Ahvaz ‎ Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS). Methods: This was a correlational study in which the study samples included all students and non clinical faculty members of Ahvz ‎ Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences during the academic years of 2007-2008. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire using five degree Likert scale and including 15 questions. Data was analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The correlation coefficient between the scores of faculty evaluation by students and the scores of self-assessment was.158 (p=.034). The mean score of faculty members' self-assessment was 4.53±0.36 and the mean score of evaluation by students was 4.04±0.39 (t=13.34, p=0.001). The mean score of more than 90% of faculty members' self-assessment was higher than 4 (excellent). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed an insignificant correlation between evaluation by student and faculty members' self-assessment. Considering the importance of faculty members' evaluation by students, there is a need to prepare the situation for faculty members to pay attention to and accept the results of evaluation by students. 1402 Program Evaluation Evaluating Healthy Life Style Education to Adolescents by means of Direct Method, Parents, and Teachers Using CIPP Evaluation Model Javaheri Javad Farajzadegan Ziba Shams Behzad Kelishadi Roya Sharifirad Gholamreza Asgari Mina Kheyrmand Maryam 1 10 2010 10 3 219 228 09 01 2011 06 08 2011 Introduction: Detrimental nutritional habits along with inactive life style in children and adolescents are severe threats to the health of this age group at present and future which predispose the society to chronic diseases for the next two decades. The aim of this study was to assess different methods of healthy life style education to adolescents considering the feasibility and applicability in school environment from the viewpoints of stakeholders and program administrators using CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model. Methods: This field evaluation study was performed using CIPP model. 600 male and female students of intermediate schools in Khomeinishahr were selected and randomly assigned into 4 intervention groups including direct education to students (Group A), education by parents (Group B), education by teachers (Group C), and control group (Group D). Education about healthy nutrition and appropriate physical activity was presented for a month using 3 different methods. The effectiveness of education was evaluated by interview with stakeholders and using questionnaire. Data related to evaluation of interventional program was gathered by a researcher made checklists adapted from CIPP checklist (Version 2007). Results: The highest scores in the stages of "contractual agreements" and "program effectiveness" of CIPP checklist belonged to parents group (B) and direct education group (A), respectively. The results of stake holders’ viewpoints (students, parents, and teachers) about the program showed that the highest score belonged to group A. Conclusion: This study recognized "direct education to students " as the most effective and practical method for healthy life style education to adolescents. 1307 Educational Management Comparison of the Effect of Teaching through Lecture and Group Discussion on Nursing Students' Communication Skills with Patients Baghcheghi Nayereh Kouhestani Hamidreza Rezaei Kourosh 1 10 2010 10 3 211 218 15 11 2010 06 08 2011 Introduction: Teaching through group discussion is one of the student-oriented (centered) instructional methods. This study was performed to compare the effect of teaching through lecture and group discussion on nursing students' communication skills with patients in year 2008. Methods: This was a quasi experimental study performed on a population of 57 students of first (n=29) and third semester (n=28) of school of nursing and midwifery in year 2008. Students of each semester were divided into two groups of experiment and control. Two modules of medical surgical courses were taught to the students through lecture (for control group) and group discussion (experiment group). Students' skills of communication with patients in both groups were assessed once before instruction and once again after that. Data derived from two groups was compared and students' skills of communication were inscribed using a questionnaire containing 35 phrases in Likert's original 5-point scale. Results: Mean scores of skill of communication with patients before and after instruction were as 85.1 and 85.56 respectively in lecture group which demonstrate no significant difference Mean scores of skill of communication with patients before and after instruction were as 84.7 and 91.33 respectively in group discussion cluster which revealed a significant improvement (p<0.05). The score of students' communication skills in two groups were similar before the instruction but students' communication skills were significantly higher in experiment group after the instruction. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that employing group discussion method helps to the development of nursing students' communication skills (areas of interactional skills and pursuing problems). Employing active educational methods and increasing students' involvement in discussions and contestations provides them with an opportunity to develop their communicational skills. 1299 Educational Management Investigating Employees Satisfaction with E-learning Courses in Tehran University of Medical Sciences Alavi Shohreh Shariati Mohammad 1 10 2010 10 3 200 210 14 11 2010 06 08 2011 Introduction: The aim of staff-in service training is to improve employees performance (functionality) in organizations. On the other hand, effective learning hinges in staffs satisfaction with educational courses. This study was designed and performed to assess employees satisfaction with staff-in-service electronic training. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in year 2008 for population of those employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences who attended staff-in-service electronic training (electronic satisfaction assessment). Using simple sampling method, 651 employees completed the questionnaire on 3 areas of satisfaction with content, instruction method, and electronic training program. During the conduction of primary study, questionnaires content validity was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using statistic tests of Pearson correlation, student’s T test, and one way ANOVA according to the variables. Results: Employees highest satisfaction related to the area of satisfaction with program (3.96 ± 0.9 out of maximum score of 5) and the lowest satisfaction was about educational program’s content (3.84±0.8). Thematic variables such as years in workforce, employment type, and educational level left no effect on employees satisfaction with participation in electronic training courses. Conclusion: Employees enrolled in this study were significantly satisfied with the e-learning courses. Regarding the fact that the satisfaction was relatively low, content quality improvement seems necessary.