Showing 55 results for Knowledge
Leila Kassraian, Ali Sadeghi Hassan Abadi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (12-2000)
Abstract
Background. Education of physician and preparing them for suitable diagnosis and treatment of diseases are the main target of medical education with regard to importance of adjustment of educational content with community needs and high prevalence of infectious disease. We decided to measure information of general practitioners of health centers in Shiraz about diagnosis, treatment and prevention of four prevalent infectious diseases (tuberculosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever, dysentery). Methods. It is a cross sectional study with using a multiple choices questionnaire. It measured knowledge about diagnosis, treatment prevention and referral of four prevalent infectious disease. Result. In this survey, knowledge of general physician about four infectious diseases had not correlation with sex marital status, year and university of graduation (P>0.05). Physician knowledge was more about dysentery (in comparison to other three diseases) (P< 0.05). Percent of right answers of physician to question of brucellosis, tuberculosis, typhoid fever and dysentery in order were: 42.7%, 41.02%, 32.05% and 65.32%. Knowledge of them was better about treatment than diagnosis and prevention (P<0.05). Conclusion. Physician knowledge about four prevalent disease isn't in an acceptable level. and it is necessary to reevaluate education of infectious diseases to establish reeducation about them.
Batool Mohammadi, Susan Valizadeh, Sima Lak Dizeji,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (6-2003)
Abstract
Introduction. Learning clinical skills at the bedside is one of the best educational methods which mainly depends on clinical instructors’ characteristics. It seems that teaching by qualified and competent instructors can enable students to reach their maximum capability. This research was designed to study the effect of teaching on knowledge, attitude and practice of nursing and midwifery instructors concerning effective behaviors at clinical teaching.
Methods. This was a quasi-experimental research which studied all nursing and midwifery instructors (N=25) at Tabriz University. The research was designed as one group and two stages which assessed knowledge, attitude and practice of instructors before and two months after running the educational program (two days workshop). The data collecting tool was a questionnaire including four sections. The scientific validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity and its reliability was evaluation by split-half method. In addition to instructors, the forth section of the questionnaire concerning performance, was also completed by the students who were under the supervision of trained instructors before and two months after the workshop. The results were analyzed by SPSS 9 software and using paired t-test, relative frequency, mean and standard deviation.
Results. According to the results, participation of instructors in educational workshops had a positive effect on increasing knowledge and improving their attitude toward clinical teaching behaviors. Moreover, according to the viewpoints of instructors and students, their performance scores increased after education. But, no significant difference between the mean of performance score of instructors before and after workshop was observed. Based on students' viewpoints, instructors' performance in assessing students showed a significant difference.
Conclusion. Considering the positive effects of education on knowledge and attitude of the instructors, providing education and an appropriate background in clinical environment for employing effective behaviors seems necessary. The results of this research can be used in designing a valid evaluation tool for assessing the effectiveness of clinical education and the educational performance of clinical instructors
Ramin Moshref, Nina Sadrieh,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (12-2004)
Abstract
Introduction. One of the most important procedures in making removable prosthodontics, is impression making. This study tried to assess the knowledge of dentists in Isfahan city about different impression techniques for making removable prosthodontics.
Methods. This was a survey study carried out among 100 Isfahanian dentists who were selected by convenience sampling method in the year 2003. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including 15 questions about partial and 20 question about complete denture. The data was analyzed by t-test, Spearman Correlation and ANOVA tests using SPSS software.
Results. Mean and standard deviation of dentists’ knowledge were 14.9 5.1 out of 35 and it’s range was 4 to 29. The mean score of dentists’ knowledge about complete and partial denture were 8.6 3.5 and 6.2 2.3 out of 15, respectively. There was no significant relationship between dentists’ knowledge and history of participating in continuous education programs. Moreover, no significant relationship was observed between knowledge and gender of the dentists. But, there was a significant counter-relationship between knowledge and the time passed from their graduation.
Conclusion. It seems that dentists’ knowledge about different impression techniques for removable prosthodontics is not optimal. Also, the more years passes from their graduation, the less is their score of knowledge. In order to improve dentists’ knowledge, it is recommended to provide them with proper education during their study, effective continuous education programs, distance learning, and also to motivate and encourage them for studying the correct and scientific techniques.
Sedigheh Ansaripour, Bahram Soleimani, Gholam Hossein Sadri, Ahmad Bahonar,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: The possibility to use rural health technicians as instructors for on going education of Behvarzes, is an issue that should be considered. The effect of training by rural health technicians and Behvarzes’ instructors on knowledge and practice of Behvarzes in Isfahan district were compared in this study.
Methods: In an interventional study performed as field trial, 84 Behvarzes were selected and divided to two groups randomly. The knowledge and practice of Behvarzes were measured using a questionnaire and a checklist, respectively. Before starting the education, an educational course related to Acute Respiratory Infection including 12 hours lecture and group discussion was conducted for the health technicians. Then, the first group of Behvarzes was trained by instructors of Behvarz training center and the second group by health technicians using lecture, group discussion and practical education for 24 hours. The knowledge and practice of Behvarzes were measured after the education. The data was analyzed by SPSS software, using mean, standard deviation, paired t-test, independent t-test, covariance analyses and Pearson Correlation Coefficient.
Results: Behvarzes’ score in knowledge and practice increased significantly after education in both groups. The increased mean scores of knowledge were 3.9±2.59 and 2.73±2.67 in the groups trained by instructors and technicians, respectively. Also, the increased mean score of practice were 12.13±4.13 and 5.9±3.88 in the groups trained by instructors and technicians, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the score of Behvarzes’ knowledge and practice with their experience. The increase in knowledge and practice scores of the group trained by instructors was significantly more than the group trained by technicians.
Conclusion: The difference between the increased knowledge scores in the two groups is at an extent that shows we can use technicians instead of instructors for increasing Behvarzes’ knowledge. But, as far as Behvarzes’ practice is concerned we should better not use technicians for improving their practice.
Reza Birang, Naser Kaviani, Mansoor Behnia, Mostafa Mirghaderi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: Fear from dental work and other medical problems in dental patients can cause medical emergencies in dental office. Managing these emergencies depends on dentist’s knowledge and their access to needed equipments. This study was performed to determine the knowledge of dentists about medical emergencies, and available equipments in Isfahan's dental offices.
Methods: In this descriptive study performed in 2005, 150 dentists were selected by systematic random sampling. They were asked in person, using a valid and reliable questionnaire containing 10 multiple choice questions about medical emergencies, a list of 8 emergency medications and 5 emergency equipments. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using mean, frequency,and t-test.
Results: From 139 dentists who completed the questionnaires, 74.8% were male and the rest were females. The mean score of their knowledge was 5.42 out of 10 and no significant difference was observed between male and female. The mean of available drugs was 5.28 from 8 drugs and the mean of available emergency equipments was 0.74 from 5 equipments.
Conclusion: The Dentists’ knowledge was at an average level and they had little access to emergency drugs and equipments. So, the correct management of medical emergencies in dental offices is difficult.
Mehrdad Salehi, Mahnaz Kelishadi, Masoud Zandye, Jalal Keshavarz, Abas Bagheri,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the challenges of medical universities is to deliver medical and health instructions and the related concepts from the higher university levels to the basic levels of the society. The absolute need to have a communicating bridge between the universities and the urban society, has led to more attention to community health volunteers as the potential source for such a link. This study attempted to determine the effect of female health volunteer education on the knowledge and attitude towards mental health in urban society of Isfahan.
Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with two group/pre and post-test design carried out in 2003. Four hundred people of Falavarjan city as well as the same number of people in Khomeini-Shahr city were randomly assigned to complete a valid and reliable questionnaire for knowledge & Attitude as the pretest. Then after a one year period of mental health educational interventions by health volunteers in Falavarjan, the post-test was accomplished in both cities. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using t-test and Chi2.
Results: The pre-interventional scores of knowledge and attitude in the experiment group were 40.5% and 54.5%, respectively which increased significantly to 64.2% and 80.2% , respectively, after intervention. In the control group, the pre- and post-interventional scores of knowledge were 41.5 and 41.9 respectively which had no significant difference. The respective rates for attitude were 63.1 and 49.9 which showed no significant difference before and after intervention. The post interventional scores of knowledge and attitude were significantly higher in the experiment group, compared to the control group.
Conclusion: For promoting mental health in urban areas, we can rely on the efficacy of the stepwise knowledge transfer from the higher health levels (third level mental health physician) to health–educating volunteers and from them to community health volunteers and finally to urban families.
Negin Hadi, Ramin Shiraly,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: On time diagnosis and appropriate treatment of hypertension are highly important especially in preventing the complications of this disease. The present study was designed to determine the knowledge of medical interns about different aspects of hypertension in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive study all interns in educational hospitals of Shiraz Medical University (n=111) were studied using a valid and reliable questionnaire in the year 2004. The questionnaire included 50 multiple choice questions about diagnosis, treatment and complications of hypertension and also the side effects of the anti-hypertensive drugs. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using mean, standard deviation, Chi2, t-test, ANOVA and Spearman.
Results: The total mean score was 27.618.35 out of 50. The mean score for male and female interns were 28.307.65 and 26.299.52, respectively. In total, 23% of interns had poor, 59% had moderate and 18% had good knowledge about hypertension.
Conclusion: Most interns participating in the study had poor to moderate knowledge regarding hypertension. More studies are recommended to investigate the causes of interns’ inadequate knowledge about hypertension and provide strategies to improve their knowledge.
Mahnaz Bahadorani, Ali Reza Yousefy, Tahereh Changiz,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (12-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: In order to enhance e-learning, the first online educational course for teaching Medline, was established in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of online, face to face and combined educational methods presented for medical students. Methods: In an experimental study, Medline was taught to 40 medical students by three methods of online, face to face and combined educational methods and then, their knowledge, skills and satisfaction rate were measured and compared. The data collection tools included a questionnaire consisted of 10 multiple choice questions for measuring knowledge, a checklist for assessing participants’ skills in searching strategies, the appropriateness of the found articles for the subject and the time length for searching, and a ten item questionnaire with five point Likert scale for measuring their satisfaction. The data was analyzed by chi2, t-test, ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis through SPSS software. Results: The mean and standard deviation of students’ knowledge in face to face, online and combined educational methods were 75 16, 70 21 and 82.213 out of 100, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of their skills in face to face, online and combined educational methods were 76.925, 7024 and 90.711 out of 100, respectively. There was no significant difference between the scores of knowledge and skills of the three groups. Also, students' satisfaction showed no significant difference in the three groups. Conclusion: It seems that, for expanding E-learning, a combination of online and face to face guidance can possibly have an acceptable effectiveness. Meanwhile, for achieving such combined method, the appropriate ground, containing related hardware and software must be provided in universities.
Azad Rahmani, Alireza Mohajjel Aghdam, Eskandar Fathi Azar, Farahnaz Abdullahzadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: To analyze patients' problems and make an appropriate care plan, nursing students need a deep and meaningful learning. Therefore, it is better to choose educational methods which are capable of educating nursing students in such learning level. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of concept mapping and integration model on nursing students' learning in nursing process course.
Methods: In a quasi-experimental study with two groups, pre-test post-test design, 45 second semester nursing students were selected through convenient sampling method and randomly divided into two experiment and control groups. After pretest, control and experiment groups received education using integration method and concept mapping, respectively, for 10 sessions during 2 months. Then, they took the post-test. For gathering data, an achievement test consisted of two parts was used which evaluated students’ knowledge and meaningful learning in nursing process course. The results were analyzed using chi-square test, independent and paired t-tests by SPSS software.
Results: Both educational strategies were useful in enhancing students' knowledge and meaningful learning. But, the mean difference of pre and post tests in meaningful learning had a significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: Considering the effect of concept mapping method on students’ meaningful learning, it is recommended to employ this method in teaching courses which require a deep learning and high level of understanding the content.
Fatemeh Rahimikian, Tahereh Mirmolaei, Zahra Samizadeh, Mandana Shirazi, Abbas Mehran,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (6-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Evaluating the knowledge and practice of newly graduated midwifery students can reflect to some extent the results of midwifery educational planning. This study was done to assess knowledge and practice of newly graduated midwives in Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD) in hospitals affiliated to Medical Sciences Universities in Tehran.
Methods: In a survey study, all newly graduated midwives (n=30) employed in hospitals affiliated to Med-ical Universities in Tehran and graduated in the past two years were selected through census sampling method. A self-administered questionnaire containing 40 multiple-choice questions for measuring knowledge was completed by midwives. Then the practice of midwives while performing normal vaginal delivery and episiotomy was observed using a 109 item checklist. The data was analyzed by SPSS software using freque-ncy distribution, mean and standard deviation. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to measure the correlation between knowledge and practice scores, and age and experience of midwives.
Results: Most of the subjects had an average knowledge (90%) and desirable practice in all stages of NVD including first stage (60%), second stage (73.3%) third stage (73.3%) and forth stage (60%). In immediate care of the new born 86.7% and in episiotomy 80% had a desirable practice.
Conclusion: This study showed that graduated midwives were competent enough to perform a safe normal vaginal delivery.
Raheleh Toughyani, Mohammad Arash Ramezani, Minoo Izadi, Shahla ُُshahidi, Pejman Aghdak, Zahra Motie, Mojghan Nikkhah Fard,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (3-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Effective prenatal education may play an important role in decreasing diseases and morbidity and therefore promoting mother's health. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of group education (by a standard teaching model) on knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant mothers. Methods: This study was a field trial which was performed on 60 pregnant women in their 6th to 8th gesta-tional age. Samples were divided into two groups randomly. The experiment group was instructed using the standard protocol developed by maternal health unit of Isfahan Provincial Health Center and the control group received the routine prenatal instructions. In the standard protocol, the educational needs during the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy were determined and 14 training sessions with prepared lesson plans were designed. The data were gathered by a questionnaire. Results: Mother's knowledge in second and third trimester was significantly higher in intervention group compared to the control group. Also, it was almost significant in the first trimester. But, the educational program had no effect on mothers' attitude and no difference between the attitude of the two groups of intervention and control was observed. In contrast, the education had a positive effect on mothers' practice and a significant difference was revealed between the practices of the two groups. Conclusion: Considering the special features of this educational model, implementing this program as a continuous intervention in all health care centers could improve the quality of prenatal care.
Navid Omidifar, Nikoo Yamani, Tahereh Changiz,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (9-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Educational goals of CPR (CardioPulmonary Resuscitation) training are not fully achieved by traditional methods. The aim of this study was to present a new method for teaching CPR to medical students and also to compare the effect of this new method on knowledge and skills of medical students with current CPR training method. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, Forty 4th year medical students were divided into two experiment and control groups randomly. The control group passed the current method of CPR training and the experiment group participated in a 3 day workshop (first day: theoretical session, second day: group work and practice on model, third day: confrontation to real environment). The test for assessing knowledge and skills was held before and after the workshop. Then the mean scores were compared using independent t-test and paired t-test Results: Comparing the mean scores of pre-test and post-test showed a significant difference in both knowledge and skills of the experiment group. The mean of the difference between pre-test and post-test scores of the two groups in theoretical and practical exams were also compared which revealed a significant difference Results: Considering the higher mean of difference between pre and post tests in the experiment group, it seems that educational intervention enhanced the knowledge and proficiency of medical students in performing CPR. Some reasons could be successive theoretical and practical sessions, devoting much more time to practice, confrontation with real environment, and education through group work.
Mehri Rejali, Mahnaz Mostajeran,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (9-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Currently, the best way for preventing Aids occurrence among medical personnel, is increasing their information and perception concerning risk factors of this disease. This study was performed to determine the effect of education on knowledge and attitude of medical students about AIDS. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 133 medical students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences passing their clinical course. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of three parts of demographic features, knowledge, and attitude. After performing pre-test, the educational program was held during an academic semester and then the post-test was held. Data was analyzed by SPSS software. Scores achieved by samples before and after the educational program were compared using t-test and paired t-test. Results: Forty six point six percent of the participants were female and 53.4% were male. Knowledge score of the students about risk factors of the disease before and after intervention were 15.06±2.07 and 17.12±1.44, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of attitude score of the students also increased from 92.77±10.7 to 97.78±10.33 after the education. Therefore, the results of the study demonstrated the effect of education in enhancing knowledge and attitude of students about AIDS disease. Conclusion: In regard to the increase in knowledge and attitude of clinical students in this study, considering continuing and up to date education in medical students' curriculum is recommended.
Marzieh Akbarzadeh, Mahdieh Zangiabadi, Marzieh Moattari, Hamidreza Tabatabaei,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (3-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: Training breast self-examination by peers provides an appropriate situation in order to form proper health behaviors during the adolescence age. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of training breast self-examination by peers and health care personnel on students' knowledge and attitude. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 112 students from two schools of dentistry and management of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected randomly and were allocated in two groups. They were taken a pre-test and two post-tests. Data gathering tool was an assessment test evaluating their knowledge about breast cancer and self-examination and their attitude toward breast self-examination. Four or five students from each class were selected and trained as peer instructors. Students of the first group were trained by peers and the students in the second group were instructed by health care personnel separately using booklet. At the end of educational sessions, the first post-test, and after 6 weeks, the second post-test were taken. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and independent t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and factor analysis test. Results: There was a significant difference between knowledge and attitude scores of the two groups immediately after education, so that, the mean score of knowledge in the group trained by peers was higher than the one educated by health care personnel. But, no significant difference was observed between the attitude scores of the two groups, 6 weeks after education. Comparing the knowledge and attitude scores, before, immediately after and 6 weeks after education showed a significant difference in each group. Conclusion: The efficacy of training breast self-examination by peers is higher than by health care personnel. It is recommended to employ this educational method more, especially in training self-examination.
Afsaneh Laluei, Nafiseh Kashanizadeh, Mojtaba Teymouri,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: The prevalence of cesarean section in our country is growing. Our aim was to investigate the education and attitudes of obstetrics team toward the preferable delivery method in some selected educational hospitals in Tehran. Methods: The population under investigation in this descriptive cross-sectional study was a group of interns, gynecology residents, obstetricians, midwifery students, and midwives working in delivery wards of Baqiatollah, Najimeh, Shariati, Imam Khomeini, and Bouali hospitals in Tehran. The questionnaire included patients' demographic data, individuals’ attitudes toward delivery methods and their willingness to cesarean section, their knowledge about delivery methods, and their satisfaction with the education they received during academic years. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using Chi², Fisher exact test, ANOVA, and Mann Whitney. Results: Fifty two cases of cesarean out of total 103 deliveries, provides an approximate rate of 50.5% cesarean among the medical population. The amount of education received during academic period was reported as perfect and comprehensive by 17.7% of them and 26.4% mentioned normal delivery as a better method for delivery. Conclusion: The increase in the willingness of medical society toward cesarean section compared to other countries in an unbelievable manner, counts for their poor level of knowledge about benefits and deficiencies of cesarean as well as the dissatisfaction of students and graduates of medical disciplines with received educations. Medical and midwifery education administrators should regard this matter seriously.
Malihe Jaffari, Yousef Adib, Eskandar Fathiazar,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: Population and family planning course is presented for different university disciplines in order to promote students' awareness toward family planning issues. This study was performed to determine the role of population and family planning course in knowledge and attitude of female BS (Bachelor of Science) students of Tabriz University toward family planning issues, compare the achieved knowledge in different groups of students, and determine their attitude toward the gender of this course's teacher.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 336 students were selected from all Female BS students entered into Tabriz University in the years 2004 and 2005, through multistage sampling method in the year 2007. A questionnaire in two sections of knowledge and attitude, each including three subjects of family planning, family organization, and demography was distributed among them. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, T-test, T independent test, and ANOVA.
Results: Comparing the knowledge scores of family planning, family organization, and demography of taught students which respectively were 1.66, 8.04, and 7.88, to those of untaught students which were respectively, 0.58, 4.28, and 3.76, showed a significant difference. Also the attitude scores of taught students in the same subjects were respectively, 21.30, 22.10, and 21.20 and of untaught students were respectively, 19.26, 20.02, and 19.79, which their comparison revealed a significant difference. But no significant differe-nce was observed between the achieved knowledge of students in different educational groups. Most female students preferred female teacher for this course.
Conclusion: Formal and academic education plays an essential role in enhancing the individuals' know-ledge and attitude. It is recommended to put effort on teaching family planning programs and choose female teachers in order to enrich the education for female students.
Behzad Zolfaghari, Ali Mohammad Sabzghabaee, Nafiseh Sadat Alizadeh, Payam Kabiri,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: With regard to attributes of taking herbal medications considering multiplicity of efficacious chemicals existing in herbal drugs and needed cautions to be exerted, and also considering medicinal safety, the associated points must be precisely observed by consumers. Holding the undeniable role of pharmacists in this field, the current study was performed with the aim of evaluating knowledge, attitude performance of pharmacists of Isfahan concerning herbal drugs consumption. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, using clustering method, 100 were selected out of total number of 350 community pharmacist occupied in pharmacies of Isfahan (year 2008). A questionnaire made by researcher (which its reliability and validity were separately completed through focus group method) was used for evaluating knowledge and attitude and also scientific scenarios (WWHAM-type question) were used for performance evaluation. After data gathering, the collected facts were analyzed by SPSS software Version 11.5 and using descriptive statistics, chi², and correlation tests (concerning significance level of p≤0.05). Results: There was a significance relation between pharmacists' knowledge on herbal drugs features and number of their graduation years (r= 0.38 and p. value= 0.0001). Meanwhile, female and male pharmacists' knowledge showed no significant difference. The range of pharmacists' attitude scores was 51 to 107 and its mean was 88.85±13.44 and considering the mean of 75 for the mentioned questionnaire, 91% of pharmacists had positive attitude to herbal drugs. The relationship between pharmacists' attitude and their knowledge on herbal drugs was not significant. A correlation (r= 0.09) was observed between pharmacists' performance and knowledge but no significant relationship was detected. No considerable relationship was observed between pharmacists' attitude and their performance as well. Conclusion: Paying attention to the objectives and classic educational curricula of pharmaceutics and making some revisions on them seems to be necessary in presenting herbal drug services. It is highly recommended to pay special attention to this topic in educational programs of continuing education of pharmacists in an applicable manner and change the traditional methods.
Zahra Hadian Shirazi, Marzieh Kargar, Mitra Edraki, Haleh Ghaem, Narjess Pishva,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: Nurses must be aware of the risks regarding endotracheal tube suctioning and should have continuing education in this field. This study was performed to assess the impact of instruction on the knowledge and performance of NICU nursing staff in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2006. Methods: Fifty nurses of neonatal intensive care units participated in this quasi experimental study. At first, their knowledge and performance in neonatal endotracheal tube suctioning was investigated using test and checklist. After specifying the experimental and control group through systematic random allocation, the suctioning instruction was done for experimental group and infection prevention instruction was done for control group. Two days and 2 months after instruction, nurses' knowledge and performance were assessed again. Data analysis was done using Chi- Square, Mann Whitney, and Wilcoxon by SPSS software. Results: The means for knowledge and performance of experimental group respectively two days and two months after instruction was 16.56 and arrived from this score to 28.48 and 27.4 and from 20.6 arrived to 39.14 and 38.34. Conclusion: Instructing the principles of endotracheal tube suctioning improves the level of knowledge and performance in nurses. Since education effect declines gradually, continuing education in this field seems to be necessary.
Leila Shokrizadeh Arani, Mahtab Karami,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: To clarify mortality trend, enhancing the knowledge of physicians and clinical coders who play their role in coding based on ICD book is crucial. This study was performed to investigate the knowledge of physicians and clinical coders on the rules and guidelines of determining mortality causes. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 152 health care providers (physicians and disease coding experts) employed in hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences in the year 2008. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including items about mortality rules adapted from ICD-10 book of World Health Organization which was completed by study participants. Study data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Chi². Results: General knowledge of the population under investigation regarding the rules was 38.4%. Specialists and individuals with more than 5-10 years experience enjoyed the highest knowledge level (44.9% and 41.7%). Participants’ knowledge on mortality general rules was 11.2% which was interpreted as very weak and their knowledge on optional mortality rules was 29.6% which was deciphered as weak. Also, their awareness about modified regulations of mortality was at average level with 47.3%. Conclusion: Study population’s knowledge on mortality rules and guidelines in death certification, approved by WHO is weak which calls for necessary education in order to respect the rights of decedent’s relatives. It is also recommended to consider adequate supervision on execution of these rules and guidelines.
Malek Alimohammadi Kamalabadi, Naser Kalantari, Narguess Abdous, Mehrassa Mohamadsadeghi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the important role of nutrition in health, attaining a high nutritional knowledge is essential for physicians. So, this study was performed with the aim of determining the level of residents' and interns' knowledge about nutrition in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. Methods: Sixty six interns and 70 residents were selected randomly out of the total target population in this descriptive cross-sectional study and received the nutritional knowledge questionnaire in hospitals affiliated to the medical university. They all filled and returned the questionnaires before the end of official working hour. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA, and chi². Results: The level of nutritional knowledge was weak in 25.3%, average in 61.3%, and good in 13.4% of the participants. But none of the participants had a very good level of nutritional knowledge. The mean score for correct answers was 50.28. Ninety three point seven percent of residents and interns had no idea about the relationship between overconsumption of Vitamin C in pregnancy and infant’s dependency to this Vitamin and 80.3% were also not aware of the relationship between overconsumption of Protein and Calcium excrete. Among the participants, 96.5% knew no comprehensive reference on nutrition and no one identified any website or journal in the field of nutrition. Conclusion: This study affirmed the results of preceding studies implicating the necessity of enhancing nutritional knowledge in medical universities' curriculum and during clinical activities.
