Showing 4 results for doosti irani
Shahla Abolhasani, Mehri Doosti Irani, Fariba Haghani,
Volume 11, Issue 9 (3-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of education is learning. Several theories have been raised about learning, which have tried to explain how learning occurs. They help teachers to choose teaching methods, prepare learning environment and determine students' activities. Given the importance of learning theories in education, this study aimed to review application of learning theories in nursing education.
Methods: In this study, some related published literatures during 2000-2010 were selected using key words including learning, theory and nursing education. Then the selected materials were reviewed for extracting application of learning theories in nursing education. Application of behavioral learning theories, cognitive theories (including Gestalt theory, information processing, Ausubel meaningful learning, constructivism, Bandura's social learning) and adult learning theory in nursing education were discussed in this article.
Results: Some applications of behavioral theories are teaching in a sequential, simple to complex pattern teaching the skills using behavioral objectives for determining learning outcomes and assessment and providing teaching plan using the nursing process and nursing care plans and positive reinforcement. Principles of Gestalt theory have been used in mental organization towards simplicity, directed balance and equilibrium, and selective stimulus perception. Writing narratives and portfolio are samples of the application of constructive theory. Role models have been used in social cognitive theory. Based on adult learning theory, learners should be active and taught material should be applicable for them.
Conclusion: Each learning theory has the particular application. Nursing educators must apply proper learning theories regarding students' experience and target material.
Mehri Doosti Irani, Samereh Abdoli, Soroor Parvizi, Naeemeh Seyedfatemi, Massoud Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 9 (3-2012)
Abstract
Action research is a means for creating meaning and promoting understanding of complex social situations, and improving the quality of human interactions and performance in those situations. Action research is one of the words that can be heard now frequently in the educational cycle, but there are several definitions for it. Literature review shows that several writers have referred to this concept and have mentioned several categories of action research. They identify its models, types, approaches, typologies, and taxonomy or action research views. In general, action research is an umbrella that encompasses a range of research traditions and several established methodology. This paper deals with describing them.
Mehri Doosti Irani, Samereh Abdoli, Soroor Parvizi, Naeemeh Seyedfatemi, Masoud Amini,
Volume 11, Issue 9 (3-2012)
Abstract
Action research is a research methodology with a dual purpose (action and research). Action research as other research approach is led through a paradigm or a philosophical perspective. This article briefly describes paradigm, research paradigm and discuss about “which paradigm (positivism, interpretive, or praxis) does cover action research?”.
Mehri Doosti Irani, Shahla Abolhasani, Fariba Haghani,
Volume 11, Issue 9 (3-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: Medical education is changing. Therefore, teachers need to evaluate their performance and try to maximize learning. Learning theories can provide insight in this important issue. This study aimed to review the strengths and weaknesses of learning theories including behavioral, cognitive and humanistic theories.
Methods: In this study, some literatures related to learning theories including books and articles were selected. Then the selected texts were examined in terms of strengths and weaknesses of learning theories.
Results: Results showed that behavioral theories are simple, and easy to use. Learner focused on a clear goal. Cognitive learning theories such as information processing, Gestalt and constructive theories promote critical thinking and problem solving. Therefore, learner can face better to real life. In humanistic learning theory, learner focuses to learn his or her own required things, which their ultimate need is self-actualization. Self-learning is one of the most famous educational principle in this approach which is led to self-direction.
Conclusion: Each theory deals with one aspect of learning. Thus, each one has the specific strengths and weaknesses. Instructors and educational planners need to consider these cases for its best application.
