@article{ author = {Salehiniya, Hami}, title = {Sampling and randomization in trail study}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {568-570}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3369-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3369-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghahramanloo, Abass}, title = {How report the results of cross-sectional studies}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {564-567}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3312-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3312-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Irajpour, Alireza and Ehsanpour, Soheila and Nazari, Fatameh and Ghazavi, Zohreh and Alavi, Mous}, title = {Introducing the Database Software for Clinical Education Environments of the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Abstract:Introduction: Organizing clinical education program in nursing and midwifery is directed to optimizing students’ learning experiences. Such a systematic program consists of several elements including the environment in which education is practiced. This study aims to introduce database software for clinical education environments of the faculty of nursing and midwifery affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.Methods: In this descriptive study (performed during 2010-2013), the study population included the clinical education environments affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Data were selected through a researcher made checklist. This instrument comprised two parts including a list of the names of clinical education environments as well as a clinical education environment information list in seven categories. The tool’s main categories and related subcategories were considered as conceptual framework that further was applied to design the software. The software was designed based on Access 2010 software and finally was completed when the gathered data was entered.  Results: The clinical education environments used by different departments of faculty were identified and the data related to 126 hospital wards, 7 health centers, and 7 clinics affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were extracted. The database software of clinical education environments of school of nursing and midwifery of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences included the information about the characteristics of clinical education environments regarding their physical situations and facilities, educational programs, evaluation programs and health care staff, the most prevalent disorders and cases of disease, independent nursing interventions, and collaborative nursing interventions. Conclusion: This software could be beneficial for educational planners and managers providing them with some needed information for matching the characteristics of educational programs with education environment.a}, Keywords = {Clinical education, educational environment, database, software, school of nursing and midwifery.}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {558-563}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3151-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3151-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {elahi, tayebeh and JonidiJafary, Ahmad and ahmady, Solim}, title = {Competency Achievement Methods of Environmental Health Inspectors based on their Own Perspectives in Iranian Medical Sciences Universities}, abstract ={Introduction: The competencies of Environmental Health inspectors and the methods to achieve them are defining factors in encountering environmental health problems. The aim of this study was to identify the methods of gaining competency among Iranian Environmental Health inspectors from their own views. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 612 Iranian Environmental Health inspectors were selected through cluster sampling. Data collection was done via a questionnaire that its validity and reliability were checked by the opinions of the experts and calculating Cronbach`s Alpha coefficient (0.82) respectively. The collected data were analyzed by conducting descriptive statistics. Results: Based on the results of this study, Environmental Health inspectors declared that they have gained their capabilities via in-service training (38.7%), academic education (18.8 %), pre-service training and experimental training (14.7 %). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in-service training can play a key role in increasing Environmental Health inspectors` job capabilities. So, it seems necessary to emphasize on in-service training planning to promote their capabilities. Moreover, it is recommended that the Environmental Health academic curriculum be enriched in accordance with the required capabilities of inspectors.}, Keywords = {Environmental Health inspectors, Job capabilities, In-service training, Academic education }, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {550-557}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3111-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3111-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {khademi, mojgan and Mohammadi, easa and Vanaki, Zohreh}, title = {A Narrative Review on Basic Themes and Traits of Classic Grounded Theory}, abstract ={Introduction: There are many challenges and ambiguities on family of grounded theory (GT) notwithstanding their reputation. Learners of bases and methods and commitment to a specific method are necessary because of the vying nature of different approaches. The aim of this article is to know the traits of Classic GT and to help to differentiate Classic GT from other similar methods. Methods: This article is a traditional review on some of key articles and books of Glaser about Classic GT. Seventeen of Glaser’s books and articles have been used in this article. Results: Two Main concerns of Glaser are “avoidance of force” and “differentiation between classic method and qualitative research methods and other GT methods too”. He has tried to solve these two concerns providing proper strategies in any stage. Conclusion: For doing a quality GT research, knowing and commitment to basic principles and details of this method is necessary. Setting the assumptions aside and avoiding the generalization of qualitative research and other members of GT family to classic GT is one of important basic principles for doing successful classic GT research.}, Keywords = {Classic grounded theory, Glaser, Streus, qualitative research}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {539-549}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3118-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3118-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Dadman, Mtra and yamani, Nikoo and changiz, tahereh and Mosavi, Arefeh}, title = {The Performance of Faculty Members about Scholarship of Teaching inIsfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2009-2012}, abstract ={Introduction: Due to the significant role of scholarship in the process of faculty member selection, employment, and promotion in universities, the Ministry of Health added the scholarship of teaching into promotion of faculty members' regulation to improve the educational quality and increase innovation and creativity in the teaching performance of faculty members. Therefore, this study was done to assess faculty members’ performance in scholarship of teaching in 2009-2012 in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, a sample of 127 faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences who finished the scholarship of teaching credential process between 2009-2012 were studied. The data were collected based on the scores they gained according to the Scholarship of Teaching Committee (approved by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education).Pearsonو Chi-square test and ANOVA-test were used for statistical analysis. Results:127 (99.2%) of the participants were faculty members. Out of this number, 79 (62%) were applicants for associate professor level, and 42 (6%) were applicants of assistant professor level, and 6 (33%) had applied for full professor level. The level of scholarship activities were in 60.6% of participants exclusively at the university level, while 3.2% gained all credits from ministry activities and 36.2% of participants had activities at the both levels. A significant difference was observed between the different academic ranks regarding activity levels (P=0.002 and x2=12.46) and (P=0.000 and x2=17.64). In the University level activity, course planning with 77% had the highest rate of credentials. No significant relationship was observed between age and scores obtained in regulations. The rate of using different items of the regulation did not show a significant difference regarding different age groups.Conclusion:The results indicated that less complicated and less timely activities were more frequently presented. Despite of all the advantages of scholarship of teaching process, it may be proposed that the bylaw of teaching scholarship should be revised. It seems necessary that the type of scholar activities should be expanded and the ceiling scores to be reformed. Hence, it may encourage teachers to use from innovative and creative processes and finally improve the quality of education in university}, Keywords = {-Scholarship of teaching, promotion of faculty members, quality of education.}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {527-538}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3272-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3272-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {kiafar, Maryam sadat and Kareshki, Hossein and Hashemi, Farah}, title = {The Role of Hope Components And Optimism on Academic Motivation of Graduate Students of Ferdowsi University And Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: Since motivation is what makes human engine running, identifying its infrastructure especially in the areas of education and schooling is important and valuable to the growth and development of the society. The main purpose of this study is to investigating the role of hope and optimism in predicting graduate student's academic motivation. Methods: In this descriptive study in 2011-12 academic years, statistical population included post-graduate students of Ferdowsi University and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. From this population, 350 were selected through multistage cluster sampling (218 from Ferdowsi University and 132 from Medical University). We used Snyder’s hope scale, Vallerand’s academic motivation scale, and optimism questionnaire by Carve and Scheier for data gathering. Data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression methods and MANOVA. Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that there is a positive and significant correlation between all variables: correlation between motivation and agency (r=0.52, p<0.01), motivation and pathway (r=0.40, p<0.01), motivation and optimism (r=0.34, p<0.01), agency and pathway (r=0.57, p<0.01), agency and optimism (r=0.51, p<0.01), and pathway and optimism (r=0.32, p<0.01). The results of regression showed that combination of hope components and optimism can predict academic motivation (F (225, 3)= 33.780, p<0.001). The significance test of regression coefficients also showed that agency (t=2.173, p<0.05) and pathway (t=5.326, p<0.001) have a statistically significant relation but the regression coefficient of optimism was not statistically significant. Considering male and female students, there was only a significant difference in the area of academic motivation between them. No significant difference was observed between the two universities considering all variables. Conclusion: With regard to the results, hope is a variable related to academic motivation and should be emphasized in academic siettings.}, Keywords = {Hope, agency, pathway, academic motivation, optimism, post-graduate students}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {517-526}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3159-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3159-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sheikhalipour, Zahra and Fathiazar, Eskandar and Lotfi, Mojgan and Pakpour, Vahid and Aghajari, Parvaneh and AliMokhtari, Zohre}, title = {Concept of evidence based nursing and nursing education}, abstract ={Introduction: Contemporary advances in technology and sciences parallel to changeable patients' status make it essential to nurses to combine their skills and knowledge with evidences in order to identify patients' problems, care planning, implementation and evaluation through interaction with other health team members. Nurses must be able to make clinical decisions independently which is possible just by using research evidences in clinical practice. The purpose of this article is concept of evidence based nursing and teaching barriers and facilitators in nursing. Methods: This article is an integrative review. Different data bases such as ProQuest, Ovid, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholare magiran, sid were applied for collecting articles by using evidence based teaching, evidence based nursing and education as key words. At all 24 articles have been included in this review. Results: Studies show many barriers in implementation of EBN and teaching it to students. For example professors do not have enough time to teach EBN or do not know how to teach it. Furthermore nurses have information and time shortages and workload that make it hard to work based on evidences. Conclusion: It seems that by making national policies and making EBN compulsory, universities and professors will teach EBN to nursing students.}, Keywords = {Education, Evidence based nursing, Evidence based teaching}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {507-516}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-2992-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-2992-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Monajati, Seyede Fatemeh and Moradi, Ali and Khayeri, Behnaz}, title = {The Relationship between In-Service Training for Nursing Staff Working inIsfahan Medical Sciences University Hospitals and Occupational Outcomes:Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior}, abstract ={Introduction: According to the increasing development of information technology and unprecedented growth in health management information, training and improvement of human resources working in the field of health care is a necessity. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the relationship between the in-service training of nursing staff working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and occupationaloutcomes including organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. Methods: We conducted this correlational descriptive study in year 2013 on a statistical population of nurses working inhospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In this study, 135 subjects were selected throughcluster random sampling method. The data collection instruments included a researcher-made questionnaire for evaluation of in-service training effectiveness, a questionnaire for organizational citizenship behavior, the questionnaire of general job satisfaction,as well as Whechler and Balfour’s questionnaire of organizational commitment. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics as well as path analysis. Results:The results showed that there was a significant relationship between in-service training of nursing staffwith organizational commitment(r=0.453, β=0.498, P =0.037) andjob satisfaction (r=0.194, β=0.348, P=0.018). However the relationshipbetween in-service trainingwith organization citizenship behavior was not significant and there is no relationship. Conclusion:According to the importance of qualified performance by nurses in the health system that seeks to ensure effective training, and the relationship between this training with occupational outcomes including organizational commitment and job satisfaction, paying attention to the training of nurses is more evident.}, Keywords = {In-service training, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {495-506}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3071-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3071-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Tavan, Bahman and Jahani, Farzaneh and Rafeei, Mohamm}, title = {The Relationship between Self-esteem and Happiness among Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: One of the characteristics of a normal personality that can amend an individual’s happiness level is self-esteem. Nowadays, the importance of self-esteem has been increased in different aspects of human's life such as education, occupation, and social settings. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem and happiness among students of Arak University of Medical Sciences in year two thousand fourteen. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in year 2014 on a sample of 200 students of Arak University of Medical Sciences selected through stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire and Oxford happiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results:The mean of students’ age was 21.01± 3.55 years old. Mean scores of self-esteem and happinesswere 5.53±4.43 out of 10 and 43±1.25 out of 87 respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant relationship between students’ self-esteem score and happiness score (r=0.058, and p=0.0001). Conclusion:The results showed that students’ self-esteem and happiness in Arak University of Medical Sciences enjoyed ahigh level. It seems that high self-esteem increased happiness. Cultural and educational programs could improve students' self-esteem and happiness.}, Keywords = {Student, self-esteem, happiness, wellbeing indices. }, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {474-482}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3160-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3160-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Heydari, Abbas and ShokouhiTarghi, Elaheh}, title = {The Effect of an Educational-Orientation Program Upon Professional Self-Concept of Undergraduate Nursing Students}, abstract ={Introduction: Professional self-concept is the individual's perception of self as a professional person and it affects his/her thinking, role development, and professional function. In recent years, improving self-concept has been discussed as a global aim in higher education, especially in nursing discipline. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the effect of an educational-orientation program on professional self-concept of bachelor nursing students. Methods: Through an experimental study in 2011-2012 academic years, 50 bachelor nursing students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were selected and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Study subjects in two groups completed the study questionnaires before the educational program, at the end, and three weeks after the intervention. The control group just received the usual training of nursing courses and the experimental group participated in six sessions of educational-orientation program, weekly. Data was analzed using T test,ANOVA with repeated measures and two-way ANOVA. Results: According to the findings, a significant difference was observed between the average scores of nursing self-concept before intervention (169.5±26), immediately after the intervention (178.4±22.6), and three weeks after the intervention (184.4±25.6) in the experimental group out of 216 (P≤0.003) this is while this difference was not statistically significant in control group (P=0.651). So, the educational-orientation program had increased the average self-concept score in experimental group. Also the maximal changes in professional self-concept aspects were observed in the general self-concept dimension. Conclusion: The educational-orientation programs that are organized with given objectives for professional development of nursing students and represent a positive picture of nursing profession can improve professional self-concept of nursing students}, Keywords = {Self-concept, nursing self-concept, professional self-concept, nursing students, educational-orientation program, nursing.}, volume = {14}, Number = {6}, pages = {438-494}, publisher = {Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3057-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijme.mui.ac.ir/article-1-3057-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Education}, issn = {1608-9359}, eissn = {1735-8892}, year = {2014} }